List of Important Treaties, Conventions and Protocols

All you need to know about International Treaties and Agreements - iPleaders

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With the growing urge among nations to stick together united in the era of globalization, Treaties, Conventions and Protocols are very important. The major difference between the difference between Treaty, Convention & Protocols are detailed below:

Treaties:- Treaty is an agreement in written form between nation states (or international agencies, that have been given treaty making capacity by the states that created them) that is intended to establish a relationship governed by International Law.

Convention:- It is a meeting or formal assembly, as of representatives or delegates, for discussion of and action on particular matters of common concern.

Protocols:- It is an official procedure or system of rules governing affairs of state or diplomatic occasions.

Here is a list of important International Treaties, Conventions and Protocols. They cover the most significant points in International history and have helped in shaping International Law, Human Rights, etc.

List of Treaties, Conventions and Protocols

Sl No	Name	Purpose	Signed	Organisation
1	Paris Agreement	Aim is to strengthen the global response to the threat of climate change by keeping a global temperature rise this century well below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels	2015	Action Plan of the UNFCC
2	Brundtland Report	Gave concept of Sustainable Development	1987
3	Agenda 21	Action agenda for the UN that can be executed at local, national and global level	1992	Action Plan of the UN
4	World Heritage Convention	Defines the kind of natural &cultural sites which can be considered as World Heritage Site under UNESCO	1988	Multilateral Environment Agreement
5	Vienna Convention	Framework on Protection of Ozone Layer	1988	Multilateral Environment Agreement
6	Ramsar Convention on Wetlands	Framework for Conservation of Wetlands & their Resources	1971
7	Convention on International Trades in Endangered	Protection of Wild Animals and Plants from Illegal trade to save their life	1963	International Union of Conservation of Nature
8	Kyoto Protocol	Set Emission Target for Developed Countries	1997	UNFCC
9	Montreal Protocol	Agreement to Protect the Ozone Layer by phasing out Production and Consumption of Ozone Depleting Substances	1987 -
10	Minamata Convention	Protection of Human Health and Environment from the Harmful Effect of Mercury	2013	UN Treaty
11	Bonn Convention	Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals	1983	United Nations Environment Programme
12	UN Framework Convention on Climate Change	To Stabilize Greenhouse Gas Concentration in Atmosphere	1992	InterGovernmental Treaty
13	Basel Convention	To Reduce the Movements of Hazardous Waste	1989
14	Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants	To Eliminate or Restrict the Use and Production of Persistent Organic Pollutants	2001	Stockholm, Sweden
15	Benzene convention	Prevention from Toxic Substances arising from Benzene	1971
16	UN Convention on the Law of the Sea	For Rights & Responsibilities of Nations for Use of Ocean Water and established Guidelines for Marine Natural Resources	1982
17	Convention on Biological Diversity	Conservation of Biological Diversity and Sustainable Use of Components of Biological Diversity	1993
18	Convention of Desertification	To Combat Desertification and Mitigate the Effects of Drought through National Action Programs	1994	United Nation
19	Barcelona Convention	Protection of Mediterranean Sea from Pollution	1976	United Nation Environmental Programme
20	Rotterdam Convention	The Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade	1998	UN treaty
21	Nagoya Protocol	Access to Genetic Resources and Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization to the Convention on Biological Diversity	2010	Second Protocol on CBD
22	Cartagena Protocol	Protect Biological Diversity from the Risks Posed by Genetically Modified Organisms	2000	First Protocol on CBD
23	Nairobi Declaration	Agreement Between the Parties to work for the Prosperity of Western Indian Ocean Region	1985	UN Environment's Regional Seas Programme
24	Helsinki Declaration	Set of Ethics for Human Experimentation developed for Medical Community	1964
25	Geneva Protocol	Prohibition of the Use in War of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or other Gases, and of Bacteriological Methods of Warfare	1925
26	CITES Convention	CITES (The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora also known as the Washington Convention) is a multilateral treaty that was drafted as a result of a resolution adopted in 1963 at a meeting of the international Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).	1963	IUCN
27	Bamako Convention	Convention of African nation which bans the importation into Africa and the control of trans boundary movement and management of hazardous waste within Africa	1991