Dear Friends,
Today, UPSC conducted the Prelims for CSE 2021. Paper was more random than last couple of years. It was less logical and more factual than last four years. UPSC even touched state PCS level questions like one liner History questions, questions from sports etc. Books like Laxmikant were completely marginalized. Sports, awards make a re-entry in UPSC CSE prelims almost after a decade. Obscure Science and Technology questions, random organisms were touched.
This was a kind of paper where it was more important for a candidate to judge which question to leave rather than which one to attempt. Question paper was no doubt on the difficult side and one can accept that the cut-off will be definitely on the lower side.
These are tough days for UPSC aspirants with COVID-19 at one end of the tunnel and nature of the exam at the other. After taking the prelims examination in the most taxing circumstances, they are unsettled by the darkness of uncertainty around the score that would sail them through to the next stage.
In order to provide detailed analysis of UPSC CSE 2021 Prelims Exam General Studies Paper-1 with expected cutoff by our expert faculty team (Speaker:Mr Neeraj Nachiketa-Faculty Environment, Sci & Tech,Mr Priyesh Singh Sengar-Faculty Geography), we have made a VIDEO for you.
You can watch the video and refer to the detailed explanations with authentic sources posted above.
If this helps in making a difference in your preparation, we are more than happy.
Aspirants who failed to attempt the paper as per their expectations should remain calm and composed and take a few days break. Thereafter, do a diligent SWOT analysis of the syllabus, preparation, time schedule etc and think and plan accordingly with a new strategy. Do not try to imitate or blindly copy others and neither be influenced in a wrong way, rather get inspired. Do not settle for less and do not be afraid of failures.
The strategy should be:
Read standard books, grasp basic concepts, focus on fundamentals of current affairs, read the newspaper thoroughly, be aware and observant and focus on quality rather than quantity.
Wishing all the best to all of you
1. Consider the following statements:
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Source:
https://rbidocs.rbi.org.in/rdocs/Publications/PDFs/RBIAM_230609.pdf
2. With reference to casual workers employed in India, consider the following statements :
1. All casual workers are entitled for Employees Provident Fund coverage.
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Source:
https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/contractual-workers-also-entitled-to-pf-benefits-sc/articleshow/73364925.cms /////// https://taxguru.in/income-tax/contractual-employees-entitled-employee-provident-fund-benefit-sc.html
(a) Cut in tax rates accompanied by increase in interest rate
(b) Increase in expenditure on public projects
(c) Increase in tax rates accompanied by reduction of interest rate
(d) Reduction of expenditure on public projects
Source:
Other things remaining unchanged, market demand for a good might increase if
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 4 only
(b) 2, 3 and 4
(c) 1, 3 and 4
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Source:
NCERT
5. With reference to 'Urban Cooperative Banks' in India, consider the following statements :
1. They are supervised and regulated by local boards set up by the State Governments.
2. They can issue equity shares and preference shares.
3. They were brought under the purview of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949 through an amendment in 1966.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Source:
https://www.rbi.org.in/SCRIPTs/fun_urban.aspx
6. Indian Government Bond Yields are influenced by which of the following?
1. Actions of the United States Federal Reserve
2. Actions of the Reserve Bank of India
3. Inflation and short-term interest rates
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Source:
https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/488961/adr-vol36no1-7-government-bond-yields-india.pdf // https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-what-rise-in-bond-yield-means-for-investors-and-govt-7205054/#:~:text=The%20major%20factors%20affecting%20the,markets%2C%20economy%2C%20and%20inflation.
7. Consider the following:
1. Foreign currency convertible bonds
2. Foreign institutional investment with certain conditions
3. Global depository receipts
4. Non-resident external deposits
Which of the above can be included in Foreign Direct Investments?
(a) 1, 2 and 3
(b) 3 only
(c) 2 and 4
(d) 1 and 4
Source:
8. Consider the following statements :
The effect of devaluation of a currency is that it necessarily
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2
(c) 3 only
(d) 2 and 3
Source: N/A
(a) Diversion of resources to the purchase of real estate and investment in luxury housing
(b) Investment in unproductive activities and purchase of precious stones, jewellery, gold, etc.
(c) Large donations to political parties and growth of regionalism
(d) Loss of revenue to the State Exchequer due to tax evasion
Source: N/A
(a) Repayment of public debt
(b) Borrowing from the public to finance a budget deficit
(c) Borrowing from the banks to finance a budget deficit
(d) Creation of new money to finance a budget deficit
Source:
https://www.economicsdiscussion.net/money/financing-of-budget-deficit-through-printing-money/10151
(a) Increase in the Cash Reserve Ratio in the banks
(b) Increase in the Statutory Liquidity Ratio in the banks
(c) Increase in the banking habit of the people
(d) Increase in the population of the country
Source:
https://www.ijcams.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Rsearch_Paper_on_Banking_habits.pdf
12. With reference to Indian economy, demand-pull inflation can be caused/ increased by which of the following?
1. Expansionary policies
2. Fiscal stimulus
3. Inflation-indexing wages
4. Higher purchasing power
5. Rising interest rates
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1, 2 and 4 only
(b) 3, 4 and 5 only
(c) 1, 2, 3 and 5 only
(d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
Source: N/A
13. With reference to India, consider the following statements :
1. Retail investors through demat account can invest in "Treasury Bills' and 'Government of India Debt Bonds' in primary market.
2. The Negotiated Dealing System-Order Matching' is a government securities trading platform of the Reserve Bank of India.
3. The 'Central Depository Services Ltd.' is jointly promoted by the Reserve Bank of India and the Bombay Stock Exchange.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Depository_Services ///// https://www.investopedia.com/terms/n/negotiated_dealing_system.asp
14. With reference to 'Water Credit', consider the following statements :
1. It puts microfmance tools to work in the water and sanitation sector.
2. It is a global initiative launched under the aegis of the World Health Organization and the World Bank.
3. It aims to enable the poor people to meet their water needs without depending on subsidies.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water.org /// https://water.org/about-us/
15. In India, the central bank's function as the 'lender of last resort' usually refers to which of the following?
1. Lending to trade and industry bodies when they fail to borrow from other sources
2. Providing liquidity to the banks having a temporary crisis
3. Lending to governments to finance budgetary deficits
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 only
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 3 only
(a) environmentally responsible practices in electronics recycling industry
(b) ecological management of 'Wetlands of International Importance' under the Ramsar Convention
(c) sustainable practices in the cultivation of agricultural crops in degraded lands
(d) 'Environmental Impact Assessment' in the exploitation of natural resources
Source: https://sustainableelectronics.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/R2-2013-Code-of-Practices-ENGLISH.pdf //// https://sustainableelectronics.org/
17. Why is there a concern about copper smelting plants?
1. They may release lethal quantities of carbon monoxide into environment.
2. The copper slag can cause the leaching of some heavy metals into environment.
3. They may release sulphur dioxide as a pollutant.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Source: https://www.hindawi.com/journals/isrn/2011/402647/ //////// https://www.researchgate.net/publication/270469214_Emission_of_SO2_and_SO42-_from_copper_smelter_and_its_influence_on_the_level_of_total_s_in_soil_and_moss_in_Bor_and_the_surroundings
18. With reference to furnace oil, consider the following statements :
1. It is a product of oil refineries.
2. Some industries use it to generate power.
3. Its use causes sulphur emissions into environment.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuel_oil
(a) Carbon captured by oceans and coastal ecosystems
(b) Carbon sequestered in forest biomass and agricultural soils
(c) Carbon contained in petroleum and natural gas
(d) Carbon present in atmosphere
Source: https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/bluecarbon.html
20. In the nature, which of the following is/are most likely to be found surviving on a surface without soil?
1. Fern
2. Lichen
3. Moss
4. Mushroom
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 1, 3 and 4
Source: https://www.bobvila.com/slideshow/8-plants-you-can-grow-without-soil-52098
(a) Congress grass
(b) Elephant grass
(c) Lemongrass
(d) Nut grass
Source: https://dcspestcontrol.com/2020/04/how-to-make-natural-mosquito-repellent/
22. Consider the following kinds of organisms :
1. Copepods
2. Cyanobacteria
3. Diatoms
4. Foraminifera
Which of the above are primary producers in the food chains of oceans?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 3 and 4
(d) 1 and 4
Source: https://sciencing.com/food-chain-fish-6644708.html ///// https://sciencing.com/major-primary-producer-marine-ecosystem-4683.html
23. Consider the following animals:
1. Hedgehog
2. Marmot
3. Pangolin
To reduce the chance of being captured by predators, which of the above organisms rolls up/roll up and protects/ protect its/their vulnerable parts?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1 and 3
Source: https://nedhardy.com/2020/03/31/how-do-pangolins-protect-themselves/
1.it was first endorsed at the United Nations Climate Summit in 2014.
(a) 1, 2 and 4
(b) 1, 3 and 5
(c) 3 and 4
(d) 2 and 5
Source: https://nedhardy.com/2020/03/31/how-do-pangolins-protect-themselves/
25. Magnetite particles, suspected to cause neurodegenerative problems, are generated as environmental pollutants from which of the following?
1. Brakes of motor vehicles
2. Engines of motor vehicles
3. Microwave stoves within homes
4. Power plants
5. Telephone lines
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1, 2, 3 and 5 only
(b) 1, 2 and 4 only
(c) 3, 4 and 5 only
(d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
Source: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-94-011-1536-0_16
(a) Catfish
(b) Octopus
(c) Oyster
(d) Pelican
Source: https://www.mdsg.umd.edu/lesson-plans/eastern-oyster-education
(a) Carbon cycle
(b) Nitrogen cycle
(c) Phosphorus cycle
(d) Sulphur cycle
Source: https://www.mdsg.umd.edu/lesson-plans/eastern-oyster-education
28. Which of the following are detritivores?
1. Earthworms
2. Jellyfish
3. Millipedes
4. Seahorses
5. Woodlice
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1, 2 and 4 only
(b) 2, 3, 4 and 5 only
(c) 1, 3 and 5 only
(d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
Source: https://biologydictionary.net/detritivore/
(a) assessing the carbon footprint of building operations around the world
(b) enabling commercial farming entities around the world to enter carbon emission trading
(c) enabling governments to assess the overall carbon footprint caused by their countries
(d) assessing the overall carbon foot-print caused by the use of fossil fuels by the world in a unit time
Source: https://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/7922
30. Which of the following have species that can establish symbiotic relationship with other organisms?
1. Cnidarians
2. Fungi
3. Protozoa
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a)1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Source: https://courses.lumenlearning.com/wm-biology2/chapter/symbiosis/ // https://cals.arizona.edu/azaqua/algaeclass/symbios.htm#:~:text=The%20relationship%20between%20cnidarians%20and,survive%20without%20the%20dinoflagellate%20algae.
31. With reference to Chausath Yogini Temple situated near Morena, consider the following statements
1. It is a circular temple built during the reign of Kachchhapaghata Dynasty.
2. It is the only circular temple built in India.
3. It was meant to promote the Vaishnava cult in the region. 4. Its design has given rise to a popular belief that it was the inspiration behind the Indian Parliament building.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 4
(d) 2, 3 and 4
Source: https://www.financialexpress.com/lifestyle/travel-tourism/temples-which-inspired-design-of-indian-parliament-madhya-pradeshs-chausath-yogini-mandir/1575446/ ///// https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chausath_Yogini_Temple,_Mitaoli
(a) Dholavira
(b) Kalibangan
(c) Rakhigarhi
(d) Ropar
33. In the first quarter of seventeenth century, in which of the following was/were the factory/factories of the English East India Company located?
1. Broach
2. Chicacole
3. Trichinopoly
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2
(c) 3 only
(d) 2 and 3
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiruchirappalli /// https://www.nationalgeographic.com/culture/article/british-east-india-trading-company-most-powerful-business
34. From the decline of Guptas until the rise of Harshavardhana in the early seventh century, which of the following kingdoms were holding power in Northern India?
1. The Guptas of Magadha
2. The Paramaras of Malwa
3. The Pushyabhutis of Thanesar
4. The Maukharis of Kanauj
5. The Yadavas of Devagiri
6. The Maitrakas of Valabhi
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1, 2 and 5
(b) 1, 3, 4 and 6
(c) 2, 3 and 4
(d) 5 and 6
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harsha
35. According to Portuguese writer Nuniz, the women in Vijayanagara Empire were expert in which of the following areas?
1. Wrestling
2. Astrology
3. Accounting
4. Soothsaying
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a)1,2, and 3 only
(b)1,3 and 4 only
(c)2 and 4 only
(d)1,2,3 and 4
Source: https://www.historydiscussion.net/history-of-india/progress-of-the-vijayanagar-empire-in-india/2738
(a) Pingali Venkayya designed the tricolour Indian National Flag here.
(b) Pattabhi Sitaramaiah led the Quit India Movement of Andhra region from here.
(c) Rabindranath Tagore translated the National Anthem from Bengali to English here.
(d) Madame. Blavatsky and Colonel Olcott set up headquarters of Theosophical Society first here.
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madanapalle
( Historical place ) ( Well-known for )
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2
(c) 3 only
(d) 2 and 3
Source: https://www.ancient-asia-journal.com/articles/10.5334/aa.238/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chandraketugarh
38. Consider the following statements :
1. It was during the reign of Iltutmish that Chengiz Khan reached the Indus in pursuit of the fugitive Khwarezm prince.
2. It was during the reign of Muhammad bin Tughluq that Taimur occupied Multan and crossed the Indus.
3. It was during the reign of Deva Raya II of Vijayanagara Empire that Vasco da Gama reached the coast of Kerala.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2
(c) 3 only
(d) 2 and 3
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deva_Raya_II . https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/vasco-da-gama-reaches-india https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Multan
39, Consider the following statements :
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Xavier
1. Mitakshara was the civil law for upper castes and Dayabhaga was the civil law for lower castes.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3
(d) 3 only
Source: http://incometaxmanagement.com/Pages/HUF/4-Mitakshara-Law-Dayabhaga-Law-HUF.html
and Kshemeshvara were famous:
(a) Jain monks
(b) playwrights
(c) temple architects
(d) philosophers
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhavabhuti
42. Consider the following statements :
1. The Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms of 1919 recommended granting voting rights to all the women above the age of 21.
2. The Government of India Act of 1935 gave women reserved seats in legislature.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
(a) The Quit India Resolution was adopted by the AICC.
(b) The Viceroy's Executive Council was expanded to include more Indians.
(c) The Congress ministries resigned in seven provinces.
(d) Cripps proposed an Indian Union with full Dominion Status once the Second World War was over.
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quit_India_Movement
(a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(b) Jawaharlal Nehru
(c) Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi
(d) Sarojini Naidu
(a) Paragana—Sarkar—Suba
(b) Sarkar—Paragana—Suba
(c) Suba—Sarkar—Paragana
(d) Paragana—Suba—Sarkar
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pargana
(a) Annie Besant
(b) Debendranath Tagore
(c) Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
(d) Sarojini Naidu
(a) leaders of Swadeshi and Boycott Movement
(b) members of the Interim Government in 1946
(c) members of the Drafting Committee in the Constituent Assembly
(d) officers of the Indian National Army
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prem_Sahgal
1. The Nizamat of Arcot emerged out of Hyderabad State.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 only
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 3 only
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rohilkhand
(a) Ajanta Caves lie in the gorge of Waghora river.
(b) Sanchi Stupa lies in the gorge of Chambal river.
(c) Pandu-lena Cave Shrines lie in the gorge of Narmada river.
(d) Amaravati Stupa lies in the gorge of Godavari river.
Source: https://theculturetrip.com/asia/india/articles/ajanta-caves-a-journey-through-time/
50. Consider the following statements :
1. 21st February is declared to be the International Mother Language Day by UNICEF.
2. The demand that Bangla has to be one of the national languages was raised in the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Source: https://nvdatabase.swarthmore.edu/content/pakistanis-demand-their-government-recognize-bengali-official-language-1947-1952 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Mother_Language_Day
51. How is permaculture farming different from conventional chemical farming?
1. Permaculture farming discourages monocultural practices but in conventional chemical farming, monoculture practices are pre-dominant.
2. Conventional chemical farming can cause increase in soil salinity but the occurrence of such phenomenon is not observed in permaculture farming.
3. Conventional chemical farming is easily possible in semi-arid regions but permaculture farming is not so easily possible in such regions.
4. Practice of mulching is very important in permaculture farming but not necessarily so in conventional chemical farming. Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 3
(b) 1 , 2 and 4
(c) 4 only
(d) 2 and 3
Source: https://www.tenthacrefarm.com/mulching-in-the-permaculture-garden/ http://op.niscair.res.in/index.php/IJTK/article/download/28128/465479185
52. With reference to 'palm oil', consider the following statements :
1. The palm oil tree is native to Southeast Asia.
2. The palm oil is a raw material for some industries producing lipstick and perfumes.
3. The palm oil can be used to produce biodiesel.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elaeis_guineensis
(a) Chenab
(b) Jhelum
(c) Ravi
(d) Sutlej
Source: N/A
(a) glaciers
(b) mangrove areas
(c) Ramsar sites
(d) saline lakes
Source: https://truerajasthan.com/didwana-lake/
55. Consider the following rivers :
1. Brahmani
2. Nagavali
3. Subarnarekha
4. Vamsadhara
Which of the above rise from the Eastern Ghats?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 4
(c) 3 and 4
(d) 1 and 3
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Ghats
56. Consider the following statements :
1. The Global Ocean Commission grants licences for seabed exploration and mining in international waters.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Source:
https://www.downtoearth.org.in/coverage/mining/mining-at-deep-sea-46049
(a) Sugarcane
(b) Sunflower
(c) Pearl millet
(d) Red gram
58. Consider the following statements :
1. In the tropical zone, the western sections of the oceans are warmer than the eastern sections owing to the influence of trade winds.
2. In the temperate zone, westerlies make the eastern sections of oceans warmer than the western sections. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Source: https://scijinks.gov/trade-winds/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Westerlies
59. In the context of India's preparation for Climate-Smart Agriculture, consider the following statements :
1. The 'Climate-Smart Village' approach in India is a part of project led by the Climate ',Inge, Agriculture and Food ( urity (CCAFS), an international search programme.
2. The project of CCAFS is carried out under Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) headquartered in France.
3. The International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) in India is one of the CGIAR's research centres.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Source: https://www.cgiar.org/research/
https://ccafs.cgiar.org/about-us
(a) coniferous forest
(b) dry deciduous forest
(c) mangrove forest
(d) tropical rain forest
Source: https://www.britannica.com/plant/epiphyte
Which of the following are such conditions?
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 4 and 5
(c) 2, 3 and 4
(d) 1, 3 and 5
Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3248705/
62. With reference to the water on the planet Earth, consider the following statements :
1. The amount of water in the rivers and lakes is more than the amount of groundwater.
2. The amount of water in polar ice caps and glaciers is more than the amount of groundwater.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
63. Consider the following statements :
1. Moringa (drumstick tree) is a leguminous evergreen tree.
2. Tamarind tree is endemic to South Asia.
3. In India, most of the tamarind is collected as minor forest produce.
4. India exports tamarind and seeds of moringa.
5. Seeds of moringa and tamarind can be used in the production of biofuels.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1, 2, 4 and 5
(b) 3, 4 and 5
(c) 1, 3 and 4
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 5
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moringa_oleifera https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1627631 https://www.aimspress.com/article/id/4686
(a) brown forest soil
(b) fissure volcanic rock
(c) granite and schist
(d) shale and limestone
Source: https://www.britannica.com/place/India/Black-soils
65. With reference to recent developments regarding 'Recombinant Vector Vaccines', consider the following statements :
1. Genetic engineering is applied in the development of these vaccines.
2. Bacteria and viruses are used as vectors. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/bacterial-vector https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6668849/
66. In the context of hereditary diseases, consider the following statements :
1. Passing on mitochondrial diseases from parent to child can be prevented by mitochondrial replacement therapy either before or after in vitro fertilization of egg.
2. A child inherits mitochondrial diseases entirely from mother and not from father. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Source: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/01/080127130914.htm https://www.statnews.com/2019/04/16/mitochondrial-replacement-three-parent-ivf-ban/
(a) clonal propagation of crop plants
(b) developing genetically modified crop plants
(c) production of plant growth substances
(d) production of biofertilizers
Source: https://www.cropscience.bayer.in/en/Products-H/Brands/Seeds-and-Traits/Traits-Bollgard.aspx
68. In a pressure cooker, the temperature at which the food is cooked depends mainly upon which of the following?
1. Area of the hole in the lid
2. Temperature of the flame 3. Weight of the lid
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Source: https://www.finecooking.com/article/the-science-of-pressure-cookers
69. Consider the following :
1. Bacteria
2. Fungi
3. Virus
Which of the above can be cultured in artificial/synthetic medium?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
70. Consider the following statements :
1. Adenoviruses have single-stranded DNA genomes whereas retroviruses have double-stranded DNA genomes.
2. Common cold is sometime caused by an adenovirus whereas AIDS is caused by a retrovirus. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Source: https://www.cdc.gov/adenovirus/index.html
71 . Water can dissolve more substances than any other liquid because
(a) it is dipolar in nature
(b) it is a good conductor of heat
(c) it has high value of specific heat
(d) it is an oxide of hydrogen
72. With reference to street-lighting, how do sodium lamps differ from LED lamps?
1. Sodium lamps produce light in 360 degrees but it is not so in the case of LED lamps.
2. As street-lights, sodium lamps have longer life span than LED lamps.
3. The spectrum of visible light from sodium lamps is almost monochromatic while LED lamps offer significant colour advantages in street-lighting.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 3 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
(a) genes introduced in the genetically modified plants
(b)development of India's own satellite navigation system
(c) radio collars for wildlife tracking
(d) spread of viral diseases
(a) Low-density polyethylene
(b) Polyrarbonate
(c) Polyethylene terephthalate
(d) Polyvinyl chloride
Source: https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/topics/agents/sya-bpa/index.cfm
(a)Food preservatives
(b)Fruit-ripening substances
(c)Reused plastic containers
(d)Toiletries
Source: https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/5-things-know-about-triclosan
(a) Distances among stellar bodies do not change.
(b) Gravity of stellar bodies does not change.
(c) Light always travels in straight line.
(d) Speed of light is always same.
Source: https://www.space.com/light-year.html
77. We adopted parliamentary democracy based on the British model, but how does our model differ from that model?
1. As regards legislation, the British Parliament is supreme or sovereign but in India, the power of the Parliament to legislate is limited.
2. In India, matters related to the constitutionality of the Amendment of an Act of Parliament are referred to the Constitution Bench by the Supreme Court.
Select the correct answer using code given below.
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Source: Generic Question
78. With reference to the Union Government, consider the following statements :
1. N. Gopalaswamy Iyengar Committee suggested that a minister and a secretary be designated solely for pursuing the subject of administrative reform and promoting it.
2. In 1970, the Department of Personnel was constituted on the recommendation of the Administrative Reforms Commission, 1966, and this was placed under the Prime Minister's charge.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Personnel,_Public_Grievances_and_Pensions; http://www.mcrhrdi.gov.in/drugs/material/Reform%20Initiatives.pdf
(a) Article 15
(b) Articlr 19
(c) Article 21
(d) Article 29
80. Consider the following statements :
1. In India, there is no law restricting the candidates from contesting in one Lok Sabha election from three constituencies.
2. In 1991 Lok Sabha Election, Shri Devi Lal contested from three Lok Sabha constituencies.
3. As per the existing rules, if a candidate contests in one Lok Sabha election from many constituencies, his/her party should bear the cost of bye-elections to the constituencies vacated by him/her in the event of him/her winning in all the constituencies.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devi_Lal
81 Consider the following statements :
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 1 and 2
(d) 2 and 3
Source: https://uploads.habitat3.org/hb3/Habitat%20III%20Policy%20Paper%201.pdf
1 Judicial custody means an accused is in the custody of the concerned magistrate and such accused is locked up in police station, not in jail.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
83. With reference to India, consider the following statements :
1. When a prisoner makes out a sufficient case, parole cannot be denied to such prisoner because it becomes a matter of his/her right.
2. State Governments have their own Prisoners Release on Parole Rules.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
(a) Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.
(b) Ministry of Panchayati Raj
(c) Ministry of Rural Development
(d) Ministry of Tribal Affairs
(a) Article 14
(b) Article 28
(c) Article 32
(d) Article 44
(a) The independence of judiciary is safeguarded.
(b) The Union Legislature has elected representatives from constituent units.
(c) The Union Cabinet can have elected representatives from regional parties.
(d) The Fundamental Rights are enforceable by Courts of Law.
Source: http://www.legalservicesindia.com/article/137/Federalism....html
(a) A community of persons permanently occupying a definite territory independent of external control and possessing an organized government
(b) A politically organized people of a definite territory and possessing an authority to govern them, maintain law and order, protect their natural rights and safeguard their means of sustenance
(c) A number of persons who have been living in a definite territory for a very long time with their own culture, tradition and government
(d) A society permanently living in a definite territory with a central authority, an executive responsible to the central authority and an independent judiciary
88. With reference to Indian judiciary, consider the following statements :
1. Any retired judge of the Supreme Court of India can be called back to sit and act as a Supreme Court judge by the Chief Justice of India with prior permission of the President of India.
2. A High Court in India has the power to review its own judgement as the Supreme Court does. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
89. With reference to India, consider the following statements:
1. There is only one citizenship and one domicile.
2. A citizen by birth only can become the Head of State.
3. A foreigner once granted the citizenship cannot be deprived of it under any circumstances.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3
(d) 2 and 3
Source: https://thewire.in/rights/india-citizenship-constitution
(b) Centralization of powers
(c) Elected government
(d) Separation of powers
Source: Generic Question
(a) The Right to Equality
(b) The Directive Principles of State Policy
(c) The Right to Freedom
(d) The Concept of Welfare
Source: https://indiankanoon.org/doc/555882/
(a) Legal right available to citizens only
(b) Legal right available to any person
(c) Fundamental Right available to citizens only
(d) Neither Fundamental Right nor legal right
Source: https://blog.ipleaders.in/right-to-property-in-india/
(a) A Democratic Republic
(b) A Sovereign Democratic Republic
(c) A Sovereign Secular Democratic Republic
(d) A Sovereign Socialist Secular Democratic Republic
Source: https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/why-january-26-is-celebrated-as-republic-day-6230037/
(a) a representative government of a nation with federal structure
(b) a government whose Head enjoys nominal powers
(C) a government whose Head enjoys reaI powers
(d) a government limited by the terms of the Constitution
Source: https://www.britannica.com/topic/political-system/Constitutional-government
(a) dance forms of Northwest India
(b) musical instruments
(c) pre-historic cave paintings
(d) tribal languages
Source: https://repository.tribal.gov.in/handle/123456789/74116?viewItem=browse
96. Consider the following statements in respect of Bharat Ratna and Padma Awards :
1. Bharat Ratna and Padma Awards are titles under the Article 18(1) of the Constitution of India.
2. Padma Awards, which were instituted in the year 1954, were suspended only once.
3. The number of Bharat Ratna Awards is restricted to a maximum of five in a particular year.
Which of the above statements are not correct?
(a)1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Source: https://www.mha.gov.in/sites/default/files/Scheme-BR_1.pdf
Statement 1 : The United Nations Capital Development Fund (UNCDF) and the Arbor Day Foundation hay(' recently recognized Hyderabad a,. 2020 Tree City of the World.
Statement 2 : Hyderabad was selected for the recognition for a year following its commitment to grow and maintain the urban forests.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
(a) Both Statement 1 and Statement 2 are correct and Statement 2 is the correct explanation for Statement 1
(b) Both Statement 1 and Statement 2 are correct but Statement 2 is not the correct explanation for Statement 1
(c) Statement 1 is correct but Statement 2 is not correct
(d) Statement 1 is not correct but Statement 2 is correct
Source: https://epaper.thehindu.com/Home/ShareArticle?OrgId=GHU89T0MG.1&imageview=0
98. Consider the following statements in respect of the Laureus World Sports Award which was instituted in the year 2000:
1. American golfer Tiger Woods was the first winner of this award.
2. The award was received mostly by 'Formula One' players so far.
3. Roger Federer received this award maximum number of times compared to others. Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laureus_World_Sports_Awards
99. Consider the following statements in respect of the 32nd Summer Olympics:
1.The official motto for this Olympics is 'A New World'.
2.Climbing, Sport Surfing, Skateboarding, Karate and Baseball are included in this Olympics.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_Summer_Olympics
1.The finalists were decided by the number of matches they won.
2.New Zealand was ranked ahead of England because it won more matches than England.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
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