BONN MEETING ON CLIMATE ACTION

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Context

• Bonn Climate Change Conference is a 10-day intermediate session, which is expected to clear programme and prepare decisions for adoption for the COP28 conference in Dubai.
• However it kicked off on without an agreed final agenda for technical discussions.

Details

• It provides national and local governments, businesses, investors and civil society an opportunity to showcase the work in progress.
• It will also help strengthen their collective response to climate change and in taking decision to meet the commitment made in the 2015 Paris climate deal.
• There will be discussions on climate change policy will and global stocktake will be reviewed.
• Management of scientific information and measure related to emissions reduction target of between 2030 will be talked upon.
• These measures include building adaptive, to keep a check on biodiversity loss, and address climate losses and damage.
• In this meeting 200 countries' representatives will meet and suppose to set the technical groundwork.

Concerns

• However nothing is agreed on adopting the agendas on climate change mitigation proposed for the Bonn conference.
• Also collective efforts by countries are inadequate and imposition of targets seems necessary.
• Developing countries holding developed countries responsible in their inability to deliver on their commitments leading to worsening of the climate crisis.
• India has made no commitment to restrict methane emissions from agriculture.

India’s point of discussion

• During a technical dialogue it has a demand of the Global Stocktake to be guided by the principles of equity and historical responsibility i.e. mitigation burden should not be redistributed among developing nations who did not contribute to the problem.
• The depletion of the global carbon budget is due to unchecked use by developed countries and thus it is a challenge for developing countries with regards to cost effective low-carbon development.
• Parties under the Paris Agreement retain the sovereign right to determine their climate targets in pursuit of their goals, hence guidelines and targets should be Voluntarily and enabling not imposing.
• The rights and aspirations, energy consumption and income growth in developing countries should be taken into consideration while to determine/setting the targets or guidelines.

Agendas of Discussion

Mobilizing finance

• There is a need of US$1 trillion for developing countries by 2030. It is needed mitigation of climate change challenges, will strengthen resilience, and help in smooth energy transition.
  • An aim to $100 billion climate finance goal with discussions on the New Collective Quantified Goal (NCQG) on climate at the Sixth Technical Expert Dialogue.

Building adaptation and resilience

• To ensure survival of the most vulnerable communities by helping them to deal with extreme events like frequent cyclones, droughts, floods.

Nature regeneration 

• Natural ecosystems like Forests, peatlands, mangroves can absorb and store carbon and can effectively regulate climate.
  • The Mitigation Work Programme will take discussions to the next level in Bonn with a Global Dialogue planned, followed by an Investment-Focused Event.

Addressing climate losses and damages

• Few communities have sustained tragic losses and damages due to climate change impacts such as cyclones, droughts, floods, wildfires, rising sea levels.
• A loss and damage fund establishment and operationalize to disburse its resources with speed and scale help them in dealing with losses of negative climate impacts.
  • The second Glasgow Dialogue will take forward discussions held in the two meetings and a workshop of the TC on Loss and Damage.

Cross-cutting prioritization of inclusivity across all efforts

• Actions should be inclusive and holistic that is – global south and north, women, indigenous peoples, youth etc. Discussions on facilitate knowledge sharing, and build capacity in communities is required.
  • The sixth workshop of the Glasgow Sharm El Sheikh Work Programme on the Global Goal on Adaptation (GGA) will be held in Bonn, June 4-5.

Other points of discussion

• Phasing out of all fossil fuels.
• To uphold the human rights obligations, and free civil society to operate in COP28 host United Arab Emirates.
• Use of sustainable low-carbon/zero-carbon marine fuels.
• Improved technical cooperation and capacity-building for shipping decarbonisation.
• To ensure a just and equitable transition to low-carbon society.
  • The Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice would work on developing the necessary rules and procedures to implement the cooperative approaches as per the rules.

MUST READ ARTICLE:

https://www.iasgyan.in/daily-current-affairs/climate-finance

https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-climate/bonn-meeting-taking-stock-of-climate-action/