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The Union government has approved the Chandrayaan-5 mission to study the Moon.

About Chandrayaan-5

It will be a collaborative effort between India's ISRO and Japan's JAXA.

It will feature a 250 kg rover, an upgrade from the 25 kg "Pragyan" rover used in Chandrayaan-3.

It will focus on exploring the Moon's south pole, particularly the permanently shadowed regions.

It aims to search for water ice in these moon's shadowed regions, to support future lunar exploration and habitation.

It is part of India's long-term goal of landing an Indian on the Moon by 2040.

India's Successful lunar missions

Chandrayaan-1 (2008)

Objective: To study the Moon's chemical, mineralogical, and photogeologic mapping from orbit.

Key Features

• Launched on October 22, 2008, from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre.
• Carried 11 scientific instruments, including those from India, the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, Sweden, and Bulgaria.
• Successfully mapped the Moon in infrared, visible, and X-ray light, and detected water ice.
• The mission concluded after communication with the spacecraft was lost on August 29, 2009.

Achievements

• Provided a 3-D atlas of both the far and near sides of the moon.
• Provided high-resolution chemical and mineral imaging of the entire surface of the moon.
• Gained information about lunar volatiles by observing X-ray spectrum.
• Detected the presence of water on the moon.

Chandrayaan-2 (2019)

Objective: To demonstrate India's capability for a soft landing on the Moon and deploy a rover for in-situ scientific experiments.

Achievements:

• The Orbiter is still operational, providing high-resolution imagery and scientific data.
• The Orbiter camera is the highest resolution camera (0.3 m) in any lunar mission so far.
• The mission provided data on the Moon's topography, seismography, mineral identification, and surface chemical composition.

The Vikram lander lost contact with the ground station during its landing, preventing a soft landing.

Chandrayaan-3 (2023)

Objective: To demonstrate safe and soft landing on the lunar surface and deploy a rover for in-situ scientific experiments.

Achievements:

• Successfully demonstrated India's capability for a soft landing on the Moon.
• The Lander and Rover have scientific payloads to carry out experiments on the lunar surface.
• The mission is contributing to the understanding of the lunar south pole region, which holds the potential for a future crewed lunar base.

Chandrayaan-4 (2027)

• Objective: To develop and demonstrate new technologies required for interplanetary missions, including surface sampling, drilling mechanism, sample storage, transfer, and docking.

Must Read Articles:

Chandrayaan-3 Mission

Source:

THE HINDU

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