Description
Source: Hindu
Disclaimer: Copyright infringement not intended.
Context
- The recall of Everest Fish Curry Masala from India by the Singapore Food Agency due to the alleged presence of a pesticide, ethylene oxide, has raised concerns about food safety and regulatory compliance.
Details
Ethylene Oxide Contamination
- Ethylene oxide is a pesticide not authorized for use in food.
- It is typically used to fumigate agricultural products to prevent microbial contamination.
- While ethylene oxide is allowed for sterilizing spices under Singapore's Food Regulations, its presence in food beyond permissible limits is concerning.
About
- Ethylene oxide (EO) is an important organic compound widely used in various industrial processes.
Chemical Structure and Properties:
- Chemical Formula: C2H4O
- Molecular Weight:05 g/mol
- Physical State: Ethylene oxide is a colorless gas at room temperature and pressure.
- Boiling Point:7°C
- Melting Point: -111.3°C
- Density:52 g/cm³ (at 0°C)
Production Methods:
- Ethylene oxide is primarily produced by the catalytic oxidation of ethylene. Two main methods are commonly used:
-
- Direct Oxidation: Ethylene and oxygen are reacted over a silver catalyst at high temperatures (around 250-300°C) and pressures (around 1-2 MPa).
- Chlorohydrin Process: Ethylene reacts with hypochlorous acid or its salts to form ethylene chlorohydrin, which is then treated with a base to produce ethylene oxide.
Uses:
Ethylene oxide finds extensive application in various industries due to its versatility:
- Sterilization: It is widely used for sterilizing medical equipment and supplies due to its ability to penetrate packaging and kill bacteria, viruses, and fungi.
- Chemical Intermediates: Ethylene oxide is a precursor to many other chemicals, including ethylene glycol, which is used in antifreeze and polyester production.
- Surfactants: It is used in the production of surfactants for detergents, cosmetics, and personal care products.
- Textiles: Ethylene oxide is used for treating textiles to impart wrinkle resistance and shrink resistance.
- Pesticides: It serves as a raw material for manufacturing certain pesticides.
Challenges:
- Flammability: Ethylene oxide is highly flammable and can form explosive mixtures with air.
- Toxicity: It is highly toxic and a known carcinogen. Prolonged exposure to ethylene oxide vapor can cause respiratory irritation, headaches, nausea, and, in severe cases, central nervous system depression and damage.
- Reactivity: Ethylene oxide is reactive with many materials, including metals, leading to corrosion and degradation.
- Handling: Proper ventilation, personal protective equipment (PPE), and engineering controls are necessary when handling ethylene oxide to minimize exposure risks.
Environmental Impact:
- Air Pollution: Emissions of ethylene oxide contribute to air pollution and can form smog.
- Water Pollution: Discharges of ethylene oxide into water bodies can harm aquatic life.
- Global Warming Potential: Ethylene oxide is a greenhouse gas with a high global warming potential.
Sources:
Hindu
PRACTICE QUESTION
Q. Ethylene oxide is a valuable chemical with diverse industrial applications, but its production, handling, and disposal require careful attention to safety and environmental considerations. Discuss. (250 Words)
|