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Context: This year, Finland and India celebrate 75 years of bilateral diplomatic relations.
About Finland
It is a Nordic country in Northern Europe. It borders Sweden to the northwest, Norway to the north, Russia to the east, with the Gulf of Bothnia to the west and Finland to the south, opposite Estonia.
The vast majority of the population are ethnic Finns.
The official languages are Finnish and Swedish. Finland's climate varies from humid continental in the south to boreal in the north. The land cover is predominantly boreal forest biome.
Finland is one of the world's northernmost countries. Its largest lake, Saimaa, is the fourth largest in Europe. The Finnish Lakeland is the area with the most lakes in the country.
Capital: Helsinki
Currency: Euro
Major cities: Tampere, Jyväskylä and Kuopio.
The highest mountain whose peak is entirely in Finland is Ridnitšohkka.
Finland is the largest producer of wood in Europe and among the largest in the world. The most common type of rock is granite.
Biodiversity: The most common breeding birds are the willow warbler, common chaffinch, and redwing. Large and widely recognized wildlife mammals found in Finland are the brown bear, grey wolf, wolverine, and elk.
Cold War
The Cold War was a period of global geopolitical tension and struggle for ideological and economic influence between the United States, the Soviet Union (USSR), and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc.
It started in 1947, two years after the end of World War II, and lasted until the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991.
The term cold war is used because there was no direct fighting between the two superpowers, though each supported opposing sides in major regional conflicts known as proxy wars.
Aside from the nuclear arms race starting in 1949 and conventional military deployment, the struggle for dominance was expressed indirectly via psychological warfare, propaganda campaigns, espionage, far-reaching embargoes, sports diplomacy, and technological competitions such as the Space Race.
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PRACTICE QUESTION
Select the correct answer using the code below: (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1, 3, and 4 only (c) 2, 3, and 4 only (d) 1, 2, 3, and 4 Answer: a Explanation: Finland shares a border with three countries: Norway, Russia, and Sweden: Norway: Borders Finland to the north Russia: Borders Finland to the east Sweden: Borders Finland to the northwest
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