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Context
Details
Current State of Gender Parity in Education
World Economic Forum (WEF) Global Gender Gap Report 2024
Unified District Information System for Education (UDISE+) and All India Survey on Higher Education (AISHE) Data
Factors Contributing to Gender Gap in Education
Positive Influences
Challenges
Strategies to Improve Gender Parity in Education
Government Initiatives
Addressing Dropouts
Encouraging STEM Education
List Of Initiatives, Acts, And Policies Undertaken In India To Address The Gender Gap In Education
Initiative/Act/Policy |
Description |
Beti Bachao Beti Padhao |
A national campaign aimed at addressing the declining child sex ratio and promoting the education and empowerment of the girl child. |
Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan |
Integrated scheme for school education from pre-school to class 12, focusing on bridging gender and social gaps, providing free uniforms and textbooks to girls up to Class VIII, separate toilets, self-defense training, and stipend for girls with special needs. |
Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana |
Savings scheme for parents to build a fund for the future education and marriage expenses of their girl children. |
National Scheme of Incentive to Girls for Secondary Education |
Provides financial incentives to encourage the enrollment of girls belonging to SC/ST communities and families below the poverty line in secondary education. |
CBSE Udaan Scheme |
Aims to increase the enrollment of girls in prestigious engineering colleges by providing free online resources, tutorials, and financial assistance for girls in Class XI and XII. |
Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalayas (KGBVs) |
Residential schools for girls belonging to disadvantaged communities, providing free education and residential facilities from class VI to XII. |
Rani Laxmi Bai Aatma Raksha Prashikshan |
Self-defense training program for girls in classes VI to XII studying in government schools to ensure their safety and security. |
NISHTHA (National Initiative for School Heads' and Teachers' Holistic Advancement) |
Teacher training program focusing on gender-sensitive teaching-learning materials, and awareness of the POCSO Act and Juvenile Justice Act. |
National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 |
Emphasizes gender equity in education, promoting the participation of girls in STEM fields, and ensuring safe and inclusive learning environments. It also highlights the importance of Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) and foundational literacy and numeracy for all children, with specific measures to support girls. |
Digital Inclusion and Targeted Service Delivery |
Promotes digital access for girls by providing free distribution of digital gadgets, internet infrastructure, and access to academic content and government schemes. |
Cycle Distribution Scheme (Bihar) |
Provides bicycles to girl students to improve school attendance and ensure safe transportation to and from school. |
Scheme for Adolescent Girls (SAG) |
Aims at improving the nutritional and health status of adolescent girls and promoting their overall development including education. |
Swachh Bharat: Swachh Vidyalaya Campaign |
Focuses on providing separate toilets for girls in schools to ensure their attendance and retention. |
Mid-Day Meal Scheme |
Provides free meals to school children, ensuring better attendance and nutritional support, with special provisions to include girls. |
Right to Education Act (RTE) 2009 |
Mandates free and compulsory education for all children aged 6-14, with special provisions to ensure girls' education. |
Pradhan Mantri Poshan Shakti Nirman (PM POSHAN) |
Previously known as the Mid-Day Meal Scheme, it aims to improve the nutritional status of school children, ensuring better school attendance, especially for girls. |
Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) |
A flagship program aimed at the universalization of elementary education, with special focus on girl child education through various interventions like free textbooks, uniforms, and incentives. |
Mahila Samakhya Programme |
Focuses on women's empowerment through education, targeting women and girls in rural areas to help them become self-reliant and aware of their rights. |
National Programme for Education of Girls at Elementary Level (NPEGEL) |
Aims to enhance the education of girls at the elementary level by providing additional support to those in educationally backward blocks. |
Balika Samriddhi Yojana |
Aims to change community attitudes towards the girl child and improve the enrollment and retention of girl children in schools by providing financial incentives. |
Ujjwala Scheme |
Aims at preventing trafficking, providing care and rehabilitation services for victims, and ensuring education for the affected girls. |
Dhanlakshmi Scheme |
Provides conditional cash transfers for the girl child with insurance cover, aiming to promote the value of the girl child and her education. |
Saakshar Bharat Mission |
Aims to promote adult education, with a special focus on women, to achieve gender parity in literacy. |
Support to Training and Employment Program (STEP) |
Provides skills training and employment opportunities to women, indirectly supporting their education and economic independence. |
Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) |
Although primarily a health scheme, JSY incentivizes institutional deliveries, indirectly supporting the education of girls by promoting healthier beginnings. |
Madhya Pradesh Ladli Laxmi Yojana |
Provides financial assistance for the education and welfare of the girl child. |
Haryana Ladli Scheme |
Financial incentive scheme aimed at encouraging the education and empowerment of the girl child. |
Punjab’s Mata Kaushalya Kalyan Scheme |
Provides financial assistance for the welfare and education of the girl child. |
Girl Child Protection Scheme (Andhra Pradesh) |
Aimed at enhancing the status of the girl child and promoting her education and welfare. |
Mo School Abhiyan (Odisha) |
Encourages community participation to improve the infrastructure and educational environment of schools, with a focus on girls' education. |
Deen Dayal SPARSH Yojana |
A scholarship program to promote philately among school children, encouraging educational engagement for both boys and girls. |
Eklavya Model Residential Schools (EMRS) |
Provides quality education to tribal children, with special provisions to ensure the participation of girls. |
Padhna Likhna Abhiyan |
Focuses on achieving total literacy by 2030, with special attention to the education of adult women. |
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PRACTICE QUESTION Q: India's gender gap in education, while showing improvement in some areas, still requires significant efforts to achieve parity. Discuss. (250 Words) |
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