Global Biodiversity Framework

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Context: Geneva meet concludes with progress on ‘Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework’ for CoP15.

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The 15-United Nations Geneva Biodiversity Meetings concluded with negotiators from around 164 countries working out the post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework before CoP15, which is scheduled to be held in China in August.
Before the UN Convention on Biodiversity, Parties have agreed to another round of negotiations in Nairobi, Kenya from June 21-29, 2022.
Around 1,000 negotiators met in-person to work out the details of the ‘post-2020 global biodiversity framework’ to help protect some one million plant and animal species that are facing the threat of rapid extinction.
Goals of the draft framework:
- to protect the elements of biodiversity at all levels (genetic, species and ecosystem), sustainability and human well-being in the use of biodiversity and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits from the use of biodiversity.

Global and regional organizations that will participates:

Following organizations were invited to support the implementation of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework with respect to marine and coastal biodiversity.

The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
The International Maritime Organization
The International Seabed Authority
The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Regional fishery bodies
Regional seas conventions and action plans

About United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)

CBD is a legally binding Conventionrecognized for the first time, that the conservation of biological diversity is “a common concern of humankind” and is an integral part of the development process.
The agreement covers all ecosystems, species, and genetic resources.

Objectives

The conservation of biodiversity
Sustainable use of the components of biodiversity
Sharing the benefits arising from the commercial and other utilization of genetic resources in a fair and equitable way
It acknowledges that substantial investments are required to conserve biological diversity.

Global Biodiversity Framework

It is the global guiding force to protect nature and to retain its essential services for humans from 2020 to 2030.
The new frameworks have four goals to achieve by 2050.

First goal:

to halt the extinction and decline of biodiversitywith “the rate of extinctions has been reduced at least tenfold and the risk of species extinctions across all taxonomic and functional groups is halved.
Genetic diversity of wild and domesticated species is safeguarded, with at least 90 per cent of genetic diversity within all species maintained.

Second goal

to enhance and retain nature’s servicesto humans by conserving.

Third goal

to ensure fair and equitable benefits to all fromuse of genetic resources.

Fourth goal

to close “the gap between available financial and other means of implementation and those necessary to achieve the 2050 Vision”.
The framework’s demand for more financial support to developing countries, the worst victims of biodiversity losses.
Adequate financial resources to implement the framework are available and deployed, progressively closing the financing gap up to at least $700 billion per year by 2030.
Urgent policy action globally, regionally and nationally is required to transform economic, social and financial models so that the trends that have exacerbated biodiversity loss will stabilise by 2030 and allow for the recovery of natural ecosystems in the following 20 years, with net improvements by 2050.
It aims to ensure the right capacity building of the communities /governmentsto take up conservation measures to meet the goals.
These include the contentious technology transferto countries that don’t have it currently and also a wide scientific cooperation among countries.