GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA

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Context

• Recently, a multi-centre survey carried out by the ICMR to spot the trend in antibiotic resistance across the country showed Acinetobacter baumannii, a gram-negative bacteria known to cause infection in the blood, urinary tract and lungs among others, was resistant to high-end antibiotics.

Gram Staining

• Gram staining is a common technique used to differentiate two large groups of bacteria based on their different cell wall constituents. The Gram stain procedure distinguishes between Gram-positive and Gram-negative groups by coloring these cells red or violet.
• Gram-positive bacteria stain violet due to the presence of a thick layer of peptidoglycan in their cell walls, which retains the crystal violet these cells are stained with.
• Alternatively, Gram-negative bacteria stain red, which is attributed to a thinner peptidoglycan wall, which does not retain the crystal violet during the decoloring process.

GRAM NEGATIVE VS GRAM POSITIVE BACTERIA

https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/icmr-avoid-antibiotics-for-low-grade-fever/articleshow/95794965.cms

https://indianexpress.com/article/technology/science/pslv-c54-carrying-earth-observation-satellite-and-co-passenger-satellites-lifts-off-sriharikota-8291169/