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https://www.india.com/festivals-events/guru-teg-bahadur-shaheedi-diwas-2022-10-life-lessons-from-the-warrior-saint-ninth-sikh-guru-5762255/

Context:

Recently, on November 24th, Guru Tegbahadur Shaheedi Divas was held commemorating his execution on the orders of Aurangzeb in 1675.

About Guru Tegbahadur:

Born:

April 21, 1621 at Amritsar.He was the ninth of ten Gurus of the Sikh religion.
His father Guru Hargobind Sahib, who was the sixth Sikh guru, gave him the name of Tyag Mal due to his aesthetic nature.He was only 13 when he fought a battle against Mughal. Due to his bravery and swordsmanship in the battle he got the name of Tegh Bahadur.
He was also referred to as ‘Hind ki Chadar’ (Shield of India).
Guru Tegh Bahadur had built a ‘bhora’/basement (soundproof chambers with even temperatures suitable for meditation) in his house at Bakala for meditation. 

His contributions:

He built the city of Anandpur Sahib in Punjab where Guru Gobind Singh founded the Khalsa Panth in 1699
His writings are housed in the sacred text, ‘Guru Granth Sahib,’ in the form of 116 poetic hymns.He promoted the idea of Nirbhau (fearless) and Nirvair (without enmity). He also emphasized on oneness of god.
He took a stand for the Hindu Kashmiri Pandits against the torture of the Mughals and also refused to convert to Islam.He was arrested by the Mughals in 1665 and was publicly beheaded in 1675 in Delhi on the orders of Aurangzeb.

Read about Sikh Gurus:

https://www.iasgyan.in/blogs/sikh-gurus

Source:

INDIAN EXPRESS