Political Dialogue

• Hold regular meetings and exchange visits between heads of government and ministers of foreign affairs, trade, and defence.
• Yearly bilateral consultations at the Senior Officials level.

Economic Cooperation and Investments

• Use the Joint Commission for Economic Cooperation and the Italy-India Joint Working Group on Food Processing to boost bilateral trade and investment in sectors such as transportation, food processing, green technologies, and sustainable mobility.
• Encourage participation in trade shows, business forums, and industrial partnerships, as well as technological collaboration in sectors such as automotive, semiconductors, and infrastructure.

Connectivity

• Work together on sustainable transportation initiatives and strengthen cooperation in maritime and land infrastructure, mainly through the India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor (IMEEC).

Science, Technology, IT, Innovation, and Start-ups

• Strengthen cooperation in critical technologies such as telecommunications, artificial intelligence, and service digitization.
• Encourage collaboration among academia, industries, and start-ups in areas such as Industry 4.0, advanced manufacturing, clean energy, and critical mineral extraction.
• An Indo-Italian Innovation and Incubation Exchange Programme will be launched to promote scientific innovation and research collaborations.

Space Sector

• The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and the Italian Space Agency (ASI) will strengthen their collaboration on Earth observation, heliophysics, and lunar science.
• Look into potential commercial space collaborations involving large industries and MSMEs.

Energy Transition

• Hold "Tech Summits" to exchange best practices and advance technological collaborations in green hydrogen, biofuels, renewable energy, and energy efficiency.
• Strengthen the Global Biofuels Alliance and the International Solar Alliance while also sharing innovative grid development solutions.

Defence Cooperation

• Regular Joint Defence Consultative meetings and Joint Staff Talks will be held to improve interoperability.
• Look into partnerships in defense technology, co-production, and maritime cooperation, such as pollution response and search and rescue missions.

Security Cooperation

• Increase security cooperation in areas such as cybersecurity, counterterrorism, and transnational crime.
• Yearly Joint Working Group meetings to share best practices for combating terrorism, as well as mutual protection of classified information.

Migration and Mobility

• Collaborate to promote safe migration channels and fair labor recruitment, with a pilot project in India to train health professionals.
• Improve academic and research mobility, particularly student and researcher exchanges.

Culture, Academic and People-to-People Exchanges

• Universities and higher education institutions in both countries will collaborate more closely.
• Promote cultural exchanges such as exhibitions and film co-productions.
• Prioritize the preservation and restoration of heritage sites, as well as increasing tourist flows between them.

PRACTICE QUESTION

Q.Critically analyze the significance of the India-Italy Joint Strategic Action Plan 2025-2029. (150 words)