Description

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Context

Indian authorities intercepted an Iranian vessel off the coast of Gujarat uncovering a massive drug smuggling operation seizing approximately 700 kg of methamphetamine.

What is Methamphetamine?

Methamphetamine often called meth is a powerful and highly addictive drug. It is a stimulant meaning it speeds up how the brain and body work. Meth is usually found as a white powder, but it can also be made into shiny crystals known as "crystal meth." Sometimes it is available as a prescription drug called Desoxyn used for treating obesity and ADHD under strict medical supervision.

Methamphetamine, chemically known as N-methyl-1-phenylpropan-2-amine, is a potent central nervous system (CNS) stimulant. It is structurally similar to amphetamine but has more pronounced effects on the brain due to its higher lipophilicity which allows it to cross the blood-brain barrier more effectively.

Chemical Structure

Methamphetamine is a synthetic drug derived from ephedrine or pseudoephedrine substances found in decongestants.

It exists in two forms:

D-methamphetamine (highly addictive and psychoactive).

L-methamphetamine (found in some over-the-counter medications, less addictive).

Mechanism of Action

Methamphetamine primarily acts by increasing the release of neurotransmitters such as dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin in the brain.

Dopamine release: It triggers an abnormal surge of dopamine leading to euphoria and increased energy.

Inhibition of dopamine reuptake: Meth prevents dopamine from being reabsorbed prolonging its effects.

Neurotoxicity: Chronic use damages dopamine neurons, leading to reduced brain function and cognitive impairments.

How is Meth Used?

Meth can be used in various ways:

Swallowed as a pill.

Snorted up the nose as a powder.

Smoked in a glass pipe.

Injected by mixing it with liquid.

Each method delivers the drug quickly to the brain, making its effects strong but also increasing the risk of addiction and harm.

Effects on the Body and Mind

Meth causes a quick feeling of happiness, energy and alertness, but it has harmful side effects:

Increased heart rate and blood pressure.

High body temperature, which can cause fainting.

"Meth mouth" (damaged teeth and gums).Severe itching and skin sores.

Anxiety, anger, and paranoia.

Long-term use can lead to addiction, mental health problems and life-threatening conditions like strokes and heart attacks.

Sources:

TIMESOFINDIA

PRACTICE QUESTION

Q.Consider the following statements about Methamphetamine:

Methamphetamine is a synthetic stimulant drug that directly impacts the central nervous system.
It has no approved medical uses in any country.
Long-term methamphetamine use can lead to severe dental issues commonly referred to as "meth mouth."

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

a) 1 only

b) 1 and 3 only

c) 2 and 3 only

d) 1, 2, and 3

Answer: b)

Explanation:

Statement 1 is correct:

Methamphetamine is a synthetic stimulant that affects the central nervous system. It works by increasing the release of dopamine a neurotransmitter associated with pleasure and reward. This heightened dopamine activity produces euphoria and increased energy levels which makes the drug highly addictive.

Statement 2 is incorrect:

Methamphetamine has limited medical use in specific countries. For example, in the United States, it is approved under the brand name Desoxyn for treating attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obesity in controlled settings.

Statement 3 is correct:

Chronic methamphetamine use can cause severe dental issues known as "meth mouth." This condition is characterized by extensive tooth decay, gum disease and tooth loss. The causes include dry mouth, poor oral hygiene and the consumption of sugary substances.