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Context

• The 1817 Paika rebellion of Odisha could not be called the first war of Independence, but considering it as a beginning of a popular uprising against the British, it would be included as a case study in the Class 8 National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) history textbook, the Union Culture Minister.

Who were Paikas?

The Paikas were peasant militas of the Gajapati rulers of Odisha who offered military services to the king.

The rebellion

• The British established themselves in Odisha when the East India company dethroned the King of Khurda, Raja Mukunda Deva in 1803.
• The following year, in 1804, the king planned a rebellion against the British and roped in the Paikas for the same.
• But the plan was discovered by the British who confiscated his entire territory
• The Paikas lost their estates when the new colonial establishments and land revenue settlements of the British came into force.
• The continuous interference in the economy and revenue systems led to exploitation and oppression of the peasants and farmers eventually triggering a rebellion against the British.
• A large number of Paikas were mobilised under the leadership of Bakshi Jagabandhu Bidyadhar, who then confronted the British on April 2, 1817.
• The Paika Rebellion, also called the Paika Bidroha was an armed rebellion against Company rule.
• Government buildings in Banapur were set on fire, policemen killed and the British treasury looted.
• Over the next few months, the revolt continued but was eventually overpowered by the British army.
• Bidyadhar was imprisoned in 1825 and died while still in jail four years later.

https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/paika-revolution-odisha-demand-explained-7653963/

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