Description

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Context:

The Pangsau Pass International Festival is set to return to Nampong, Arunachal Pradesh, marking its comeback after a four-year hiatus.

Feature	Details
Location	On the ridge of the Patkai hills along the India-Myanmar border.
Named After	Pangsau, the nearest Burmese village, is located 2 km east of the pass.
Historical Significance	The Shan tribe's route of invasion into Assam was in the 13th century.
	Key obstacle during World War II for General "Vinegar Joe" Stilwell's effort to build a road to China after Burma fell to Japan.
Simplest Route	Connects the Assam Plains to Burma.
Famous Landmark	Lake of No Return (located on the Myanmar side, visible from Pangsau Pass).
Nicknames	"Hell Gate" or "Hell Pass" due to difficult terrains in the Indo-Burma Patkai region.

It is celebrated yearly in Nampong, located in the Changlang district in Arunachal Pradesh.
The festival offers a cross-trade and cultural exchange platform with neighboring Myanmar countries that show its culture and other products.
The festival combines tribes in the northeast and Myanmar and allows them to show the world its culture and tradition.

Festival	State	Significance
Saga Dawa	Sikkim	Commemorates the birth, enlightenment, and death (parinirvana) of Buddha.
Losoong Festival	Sikkim	Celebrated in honor of the Sikkimese New Year.
Bohag Bihu	Assam	Celebrates Assamese New Year; most popular of the three Bihus (Bohag, Kati, Maagh).
Hornbill Festival	Nagaland	Major agricultural festival attended by all Naga tribes at Kisama Heritage Village.
Kharchi Puja	Tripura	Celebrated to honor Lord Shiva.
Cheiraoba Festival	Manipur	Marks the Manipuri New Year; related to worship of domestic deity Sanamahi.
Wangala Festival	Meghalaya	Post-harvest festival of the Garo tribe, marking the start of winter.
Kang Chingba	Manipur	Hindu festival similar to Jagannath Puri Rath Yatra.
Ambubachi Mela	Assam	Held at Kamakhya Temple in Guwahati; considered the ‘Mahakumbh of East.’
Sekrenyi Festival	Nagaland	Celebrated by the Angami tribe in February.
Lui-Ngai-Ni Festival	Nagaland, Manipur	Celebrated by Naga tribes after the harvest season.
Majuli Festival	Assam	Modern festival held on Majuli, the largest riverine island.
Dree Festival	Arunachal Pradesh	Celebrated by the Apatani tribe; linked to their unique rice-fish cultivation.

Pass	Location	Significance
Nathu La	Sikkim	Connects India with Tibet; part of the historic Silk Route; vital trade route.
Rohtang Pass	Himachal Pradesh	Connects Kullu Valley to Lahaul and Spiti Valleys; a major tourist attraction.
Baralacha La	Himachal Pradesh	Connects Lahaul to Ladakh; lies on the Leh-Manali Highway.
Zoji La	Jammu and Kashmir/Ladakh	Connects Srinagar to Leh; critical for military and civilian transport.
Khardung La	Ladakh	Gateway to Nubra Valley; one of the highest motorable passes in the world.
Banihal Pass	Jammu and Kashmir	Connects Jammu to Srinagar; Jawahar Tunnel is located here.
Shipki La	Himachal Pradesh	Connects India with Tibet; part of the Sutlej River Valley trade route.
Jelep La	Sikkim	Connects India with Tibet; used historically for trade.
Lipulekh Pass	Uttarakhand	Connects India with Tibet; important for the Kailash Mansarovar Yatra.
Thang La (Pangong)	Ladakh	Lies near the Pangong Tso Lake; used for military operations.
Bum La	Arunachal Pradesh	Connects India with China; historically important in the 1962 Sino-Indian war.
Diphu Pass	Arunachal Pradesh	Located at the tri-junction of India, China, and Myanmar; strategic importance.
Mana Pass	Uttarakhand	Connects India with Tibet; lies near Badrinath.
Dihang Pass	Arunachal Pradesh	Connects Arunachal Pradesh to Tibet; strategically significant.
Lipu Pass	Uttarakhand	Important trade route connecting Tibet and India.

Source:

THE TIMES OF INDIA

PRACTICE QUESTION

Q. Consider the following passes and their locations:

Nathu La - Located on the border between India and China in Sikkim.
Bolan Pass - Situated in Balochistan, Pakistan, connecting Afghanistan and Pakistan.
Zoji La - A high mountain pass in Jammu & Kashmir connecting Srinagar to Leh.
Banihal Pass - Located in the Pir Panjal range, connecting Jammu and Srinagar.

Which of the above passes are located in the Indian subcontinent?