Description

Mt Marapi

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Context:

One of Indonesia's most active volcanoes erupted, spewing thick columns of ash at least three times and blanketing villages with debris, but no casualties were reported.

About Mount Marapi

Mount Marapi, in the Agam district of the province of West Sumatra, is known for sudden eruptions that are difficult to predict because they are not caused by a deep movement of magma, which sets off tremors that register on seismic monitors.

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MOUNT MERAPI

Mount Merapi

Koel river

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Context:

In a tragic incident, three students, who were studying XI standard, went to take a bath in the Koel River in the Lohardaga district of Jharkhand, and drowned in deep waters.

Origin	Palamau Tiger Reserve, Jharkhand.
Flow Path	Western part of Palamu District.
Divisions	North Koel River: Tapped near Kutku for irrigation and joins the Son River South Koel River: Flows across Odisha near Rourkela and merges with the Brahmani River.
States Covered	Jharkhand and Odisha
Region	Part of the Damodar Valley region, known for its mineral-rich landscape.
Hydropower Potential	North Koel Dam (Mandal Dam) constructed on the North Koel River Intended for hydroelectric power generation and irrigation water supply.

Mt Fuji

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Context:

Japan's summer this year was the joint hottest on record- equalling the level seen in 2023 -- as extreme heatwaves fuelled by climate change engulfed many parts of the globe.

Location	Yamanashi and Shizuoka prefectures, Honshu Island, Japan.
Proximity to Cities	About 100 km southwest of the Tokyo-Yokohama metropolitan area.
Type of Mountain	Stratovolcano (Stratovolcanoes have relatively steep sides and are more cone-shaped than shield volcanoes. They are formed from viscous, sticky lava that does not flow easily. The lava therefore builds up around the vent forming a volcano with steep sides).
Volcanic Status	Dormant since 1707 but classified as active by geologists.
Formation	Constructed from basaltic lava flows; caused by the Pacific Plate sinking under the Philippine Plate.
Summit Features	Prominent summit crater.
Slope and Shape	Smooth slope with a wide, spreading base narrowing to a peak, creating a beautiful skyline.
Volcanic Activity Cause	Pacific Plate subducting beneath the Philippine Plate.
Notable Nearby Features	Fuji Five Lakes (Fuji Goko): Lake Yamanaka, Lake Kawaguchi, Lake Sai, Lake Shōji, and Lake Motosu, formed by lava flows.
Snow Coverage	Summit covered in snow most of the year.
National Park	Major feature of Fuji-Hakone-Izu National Park.
UNESCO World Heritage	Designated as a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2013.

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Mount Fuji Mania: Tourists vs. Tranquility in Japan

Source:

REPUBLICWORLD

ETV BHARAT

NDTV

PRACTICE QUESTION

Q.Which among the following rivers are the tributaries of the Koel River?

Johilla
Gopad
Rihand
Ghagher
Kanhar

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

(a) 1,2 and 4 only

(b) 1,3 and 5 only

(d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 only

Answer: d

Explanation:

Tributaries of the Koel River include:

Johilla, Mahanadi, Banas, Gopad, Rihand, Ghagher, and Kanhar.

The North Koel River is a major tributary of the Sone River, which is a tributary of the Ganges River. The North Koel River originates in the Ranchi Plateau and flows through the Palamau division of Jharkhand, eventually meeting the Sone River in Haidargarh. The North Koel River forms the northern boundary of Betla National Park.