Description

Nugu Wildlife Sanctuary

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Context:

The National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) has recommended to the authorities that the Nugu Wildlife Sanctuary abutting the Bandipur Tiger Reserve be declared as a core critical tiger habitat.

Details:

Meaning of Nilgiris	The term 'Nilgiris' means 'blue mountains', derived from the blue flower-clad mountains of the Nilgiris plateau in Tamil Nadu.
Establishment	First biosphere reserve in India, established in 1986.
International Recognition	Included in UNESCO World Network of Biosphere Reserves in 2000.
Location	Located in the Western Ghats and Nilgiri Hills ranges of South India.
World Heritage Site Status	Part of the Nilgiri Sub-Cluster of the Western Ghats, declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2012.
Biome Representation	Exemplifies the tropical forest biome, portraying the confluence of Afro-tropical and Indo-Malayan biotic zones.
Biogeographical Significance	Western Ghats is a crucial region for speciation in the tropics and is recognized as one of the global biodiversity 'Hot Spots'.
Ecosystems	Includes seasonal rainforests, tropical montane forests, grasslands, moist deciduous forests, dry deciduous forests, and scrubland.
Floral Diversity	Houses approximately 3,500 species of flowering plants, with 1,500 species endemic to the Western Ghats
Faunal Diversity	Home to over 100 species of mammals, 550 species of birds, 30 species of reptiles and amphibians, 300 species of butterflies, and numerous invertebrates
Biodiversity Richness	Known for its rich biodiversity with many species still awaiting discovery by scientists.

About National Tiger Conservation Authority:

The National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) was founded in India in December 2005, based on a recommendation put forth by the Tiger Task Force. The Prime Minister of India established the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) to streamline the management of Project Tiger and numerous Tiger Reserves in India.

Background: In 1973, the Government of India, in collaboration with the WWF, initiated a conservation program known as the Tiger Protection Program, commonly referred to as Project Tiger.

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Nugu Wildlife Sanctuary

Source:

THE HINDU

56th Tiger reserve

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Context:

Union Minister for Environment, Forest and Climate Change informed the Nation about the notification of the Guru Ghasidas-Tamor Pingla Tiger Reserve, Chhattisgarh, as the 56^th Tiger Reserve of the country.

Tiger Reserves in Chhattisgarh

Achanakmar Tiger Reserve: It is a sanctuary in Mungeli district of Chhattisgarh and in the Anuppur and Dindori districts of Madhya Pradesh in India. It was established in 1975, under the provisions of the Indian Wildlife Protection Act of 1972, and declared as a Tiger Reserve under Project Tiger, in 2009. It is a part of the Achanakmar-Amarkantak Biosphere Reserve.

Udanti-Sitanadi Tiger Reserve: The reserve is named after the Udanti Sanctuary and the rivers Udanti and Sitanadi, which flow through the Sitanadi Sanctuary.

Forest Types: Sal Forests: The reserve predominantly features Sal forests, which are characterized by the presence of Sal trees (Shorea robusta).

Indravati Tiger Reserve: It is a national park located in Bijapur district of Chhattisgarh state in India. The park derives its name from the Indravati River, which flows from east to west and forms the northern boundary of the reserve with the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is one of four Project Tiger sites in Chhattisgarh, along with Udanti-sitanadi, and is home to one of the last remaining populations of the endangered wild water buffalo.

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Guru Ghasidas-Tamor Pingla Tiger Reserve

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Tiger Reserve In India

Source:

PIB

PRACTICE QUESTION

Q.Consider the following statements regarding the Guru Ghasidas-Tamor Pingla Tiger Reserve:

The Guru Ghasidas-Tamor Pingla Tiger Reserve is located in the state of Madhya Pradesh.
It is part of the central Indian highlands and is known for its biodiversity, including tigers, leopards, and other wildlife.
The Reserve is named after the famous social reformer Guru Ghasidas, who contributed to the social fabric of the region.
The Reserve was established primarily to conserve the flora of the region.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 1, 2, and 3 only

(d) 1, 2, 3, and 4

Answer: c

Explanation:

Statement 1 is incorrect: The Guru Ghasidas-Tamor Pingla Tiger Reserve is located in Chhattisgarh, not Madhya Pradesh. It lies in the southern part of Chhattisgarh, near the Odisha border.

Statement 2 is correct: The Guru Ghasidas-Tamor Pingla Tiger Reserve is indeed located in the central Indian highlands and is known for its rich biodiversity, including the presence of tigers, leopards, elephants, and several species of flora and fauna. The reserve also forms part of the broader Central Indian Tiger Landscape, which is a critical area for tiger conservation.

Statement 3 is correct: The reserve is named after Guru Ghasidas, a prominent social reformer and the founder of the Satnami community in Chhattisgarh, which works towards the social and cultural upliftment of the people of the region.

Statement 4 is incorrect: The conservation of flora is an important aspect, the primary purpose of the Guru Ghasidas-Tamor Pingla Tiger Reserve is to conserve the tiger population and other wildlife species in the area. It plays a critical role in the preservation of the endangered Bengal tiger and its habitat, alongside other species.