Papua New Guinea

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Context:

Papua New Guinea has the third-largest rainforest in the world, but it is facing a serious crisis.

Details:

• According to a recent assessment by the Bank of Papua New Guinea, the logging industry is considered high risk for money laundering and illegal profits. 
• Papua New Guinea’s rainforests are rich in biodiversity, housing rare species such as birds of paradise, tree kangaroos, and the Queen Alexandra’s birdwing butterfly.
• These forests represent only one percent of Earth’s land but play a vital role in absorbing carbon and supporting the lives and traditions of Papua New Guinea’s indigenous peoples. 

Geography:

Papua New Guinea is the world's 54th-largest country and the third-largest island country. It is part of the Australasian realm, which also includes Australia, New Zealand, eastern Indonesia, and several Pacific island groups, including the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu. The country is situated on the Pacific Ring of Fire, at the point of collision of several tectonic plates. Papua New Guinea is famous for its frequent seismic activity, being on the Ring of Fire.

Climate:

The climate on the island is essentially tropical, but it varies by region. The maximum mean temperature in the lowlands is 30 to 32 °C, and the minimum is 23–24 °C.

Biodiversity:

A notable feature in common for the two landmasses is the existence of several species of marsupial mammals, including some kangaroos and possums, which are not found elsewhere. Papua New Guinea is a megadiverse country.

READ ABOUT PNG HERE-

https://www.iasgyan.in/daily-current-affairs/papua-new-guinea#:~:text=Papua%20New%20Guinea%20is%20renowned,kangaroos%20and%20birds%20of%20paradise.

https://www.iasgyan.in/daily-current-affairs/pms-visit-to-papua-new-guinea

Source:

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Mount Lewotobi Laki-Laki

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Context:

Mount Lewotobi Laki-Laki is a volcano in the East Flores district, that erupted sending ash plumes over 2 kilometers into the sky and scattering volcanic debris across several nearby villages.

About Mount Lewotobi Laki-Laki

• Lewotobi is a twin volcano located in the southeastern part of the island of Flores, Indonesia.
• It is composed of the Lewotobi Lakilaki (Male Lewotobi) and Lewotobi Perempuan (Female Lewotobi) stratovolcanoes.
• Mount Lewotobi Laki-Laki in Indonesia has erupted several times recently.

What are stratovolcanoes?

Stratovolcanoes have relatively steep sides and are more cone-shaped than shield volcanoes. They are formed from viscous, sticky lava that does not flow easily. The lava therefore builds up around the vent forming a volcano with steep sides.

READ ABOUT VOLCANOS:  https://www.iasgyan.in/blogs/types-of-volcano

Volcanos in Indonesia

Volcanoes in Indonesia are part of the Alpida Belt and Pacific Ring of Fire. The most active volcano is Mount Merapi on Java.  The 150 entries in the list below are grouped into six geographical regions, four of which belong to the volcanoes of the Sunda Arc trench system.

The remaining two groups are the volcanoes of Halmahera, including its surrounding volcanic islands, and the volcanoes of Sulawesi and the Sangihe Islands. The latter group is in one volcanic arc together with the Philippine volcanoes.

Source:

DOWN TO EARTH