PIN:SOUTH SUDAN, INDONESIA

Location

It is a landlocked country in Central/East Africa.

Area

The third largest country in Africa.

Borders

North: Sudan 

East: Ethiopia 

South: Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda and Kenya

West: Central African Republic.

Coastline

Along the Red Sea, providing vital access to the Indian Ocean and Mediterranean Sea via the Suez Canal.

Previous Size

Before the secession of South Sudan in 2011, Sudan was the largest African country, covering more than 8% of Africa and nearly 2% of global land area.

Geography

Vast plains, plateaus, and deserts. Northern areas include the Nubian Desert, a rocky desert. The Nile River and tributaries drain much of Sudan.

Climate

Mostly arid with deserts and grasslands, limited vegetation.

Independence

Gained independence from Anglo-Egyptian rule in 1956.

Political History

Since independence, military regimes with Islamic-oriented governments have dominated national politics.

Capital and Currency

Juba is the capital and largest city.

South Sudanese pound (SSP)

Religion

Dominated by Islam, with the majority of the population identifying as Arabs. The South Sudanese population is composed mostly of Nilotic peoples.

Languages

Arabic, English.

Location

Indonesia is an archipelagic country located in Southeast Asia and Oceania, lying between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. 

Area

It is the largest archipelago in the world.  Indonesia is also called "Nusantara".

Borders

Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, and East Timor, as well as shared maritime boundaries with Australia, India, Palau, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.

Islands

It is the World's largest Island Country with more than 17,000 islands.

It comprises five main islands: Sumatra, Java, Borneo (known as Kalimantan in Indonesia), Sulawesi, and New Guinea; 

Two major island groups (Nusa Tenggara and the Maluku Islands) and sixty smaller island groups. 

Four of the islands are shared with other countries: 

Borneo is shared with Malaysia 

Brunei; Sebatik, located off the northeastern coast of Kalimantan, shared with Malaysia

Timor is shared with East Timor

New Guinea is shared with Papua New Guinea.

Relief

Characterized by densely forested volcanic mountains,  deep-sea trenches, coral reefs, and Oceanic troughs. (E.g. Mount Merapi, Mount Kelud,  Mount Sinabung)

Drainage

The Kapuas, Mahakam rivers. It is drained by a number of large rivers, including the Baliem, the Mamberamo, and the Digul.

Climate

Indonesia has two seasons—a wet season and a dry season—with no extremes of summer or winter.

Political History

The Indonesian archipelago became an important trading area at least since the 7th century, when the Kingdom of Sriwijaya established religious and trade relations with China and India. Indonesia declared its independence at the end of World War II.

Capital and Currency

Jakarta is the capital and largest city.

Indonesian rupiah.

Religion

Indonesia is the fourth most populous country in the world and the country with the largest Muslim population in the world. Hindu and Buddhist influences rooted in local religious practices.

Languages

Indonesian.

PRACTICE QUESTION

Q.Arrange the following islands of Indonesia in the correct sequence of west to east.

1. Java
2. Sumatra
3. Lombok
4. Bali 

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

(a) 1-2-3-4

(b) 2-1-4-3

(c) 2-1-3-4

(d) 1-4-3-2

Answer: b

Explanation:

The correct sequence is- Sumatra-Java-Bali-Lombok