PISA TEST
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In News:
- The state government of Gujarat has signed an agreement with the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) to perform the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) test for students of State government schools.
Details:
- The agreement was signed between Ratnakanwar Gadhvicharan (Samagra Shiksha project director) and Kevin O’Brien from the OECD.
- It was signed in the presence of the Chief Minister of Gujarat (Bhupendra Patel) and OECD’s Paris director (Andreas Schleicher) for Education and Skills.
- On this occasion, the OECD’s Paris director praised the Gujarat government's Gyanshakti residential school project expressing that it had the potential for replication internationally.
Significance of the agreement:
- Gujarat became the first Indian state to sign such an agreement.
- It will improve the reading, mathematics and science knowledge of the students.
- It will improve the critical thinking, problem-solving and effective communication skills of the students.
- It will help in achieving the aim of ensuring quality learning outcomes in government schools.
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About PISA:
- The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) is a worldwide study conducted by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in member and non-member nations.
- In 2000, the PISA exercise was first performed and then it is conducted every three years.
- Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, PISA 2021 was postponed to 2022.
- PISA is a global exercise where students from different countries are put under a two-hour test to measure their skills and knowledge; mainly in science, reading, and mathematics.
- PISA test questions don't measure the memorization of facts.
- The test demand that students draw on real-world problem-solving skills and knowledge.
- The main objective of the exercise is to evaluate educational systems around the world by measuring 15-year-old school students' performance in mathematics, science, and reading.
- It aims to provide comparable data to facilitate countries to improve their education policies and outcomes.
- Significance
- It provides assessments of educational attainment that are useful in the process of designing education policymaking at both national and international levels.
- It provides regular assessments within a common, internationally agreed framework; by evaluating students learning that can help in understanding the root of variation in performances within and between countries.
- PISA 2022
- 85 countries participated in PISA 2022 in September 2022.
- Around 6,300 students aged between 15-years-3-months and 16 years-2-months at the time of assessment participate in the PISA 2022.
- Three key learning subject areas are tested: reading literacy, mathematics, and science
- The Main Survey result is yet to be released.
- The latest PISA results information is PISA 2018 results;
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- China topped the list with a mean score of 1,736.
- Singapore at the second spot and Estonia at the third spot.
India and PISA:
- India last participated in PISA 2009, and it ranked poorly at 73rd among 74 countries, above only Kyrgyzstan.
- In 2019, the then-human resource development ministry (Presently Education Ministry) had taken the decision to participate in PISA 2021 (Postponed to 2022 due to the COVID-19 pandemic). It was decided that students from Chandigarh and a few adjoining areas would have represented India.
- In July, the Minister of state for education updated the Lok Sabha that the government had decided not to participate in PISA 2022 due to the impact of pandemic-induced school closure on learning levels.
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
- In 1948, the Organisation for European Economic Co-operation (OEEC) was established to help administer the Marshall Plan; the program for the reconstruction of Europe after World War II.
- In 1961, the OEEC was reformed into the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the membership was extended to non-European states; the USA and Canada.
- It was founded to facilitate economic progress and world trade.
- Currently, OCDE is an intergovernmental organisation with 38 member countries.
- India is not a member of the OECD.
- The member countries describe themselves as committed to democracy and the market economy, and coordinate the domestic and international policies of its members.
- The majorities of OECD members are high-income economies with a very high Human Development Index (HDI) and are regarded as developed countries.
- As of 2017, the OECD member countries collectively comprised 62.2% of Global nominal GDP and 42.8% of global GDP at purchasing power parity.
- The OECD is an official United Nations observer.
- The OECD is funded by contributions from member countries.
- The OECD's headquarters are in Paris, France.
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Q.Consider the following Statements;
- The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) is a worldwide study conducted by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).
- PISA evaluates educational systems around the world by measuring 15-year-old school students' performance in mathematics, science, and reading.
- USA ranked first in the latest PISA 2018 results.
Which of the following statement is/are incorrect?
(A) 1 and 2 only
(B) 2 and 3 only
(C) 1 and 3 only
(D) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: C
Explanation:
Statement 1 is incorrect: The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) is a worldwide study conducted by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in member and non-member nations.
Statement 2 is correct: The main objective of the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) exercise is to evaluate educational systems around the world by measuring 15-year-old school students' performance in mathematics, science and reading.
Statement 3 is incorrect: The latest PISA results information is PISA 2018 results; China topped the list with a mean score of 1,736.
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