Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY)
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Context
- The disbursal of small business loans under Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY) logged a record 30 per cent growth in the first half of the current financial year.
About Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana
- The Union Government launched the Pradhan Mantri MUDRA Yojana (PMMY) on April 8, 2015, to provide loans up to Rs. 10 lakhs to non-farm small/microenterprises and non-corporate.
- All banks, including Public Sector Banks, Private Sector Banks, Regional Rural Banks (RRBs), State Co-operative Banks, Urban Co-operative Banks, Foreign Banks, and Non Banking Finance Companies (NBFCs)/Micro Finance Institutions (MFIs), are required to lend to non-farm sector income-generating activities with a value of less than Rs.10 lakh under the PMMY.
- These loans are categorized as MUDRA loans under
Institutional Mechanism:
- The government has established a new institution called MUDRA (Micro Units Growth & Refinance Agency Ltd.) to carry out the Scheme's development and refinancing activities, as well as serve as a regulator for the microfinance sector in general.
- PMMY's mission is to provide grants to small businesses that are not corporations. Loan offerings under PMMY.
Category of Loans:
- Shishu: covering loans up to Rs. 50,000/- given with no collateral, at 1% rate of interest/month repayable over a period of 5 years.
- Kishor: cover loans above Rs. 50,000/- and up to Rs. 5 lakh.
- Tarun: cover loans beyond Rs. 5 lakh to Rs. 10 lakh.
Approach of PMMY
- Enterprises in the smallest segment must receive at least 60% of the funding. MUDRA Bank's partner intermediaries must strive to adhere to the following general framework:
- First-time entrepreneurs, young entrepreneurs (those under 30 years old), and women entrepreneurs will be welcomed, with special schemes being planned for them.
- Cash flow-based lending would be prioritized over security-based lending. Collateral securities, among other things, must be avoided.
- Repayment commitments shall be flexible and framed in light of the entrepreneur's company cash flows.
About Micro Units Development Refinance Agency (MUDRA) Bank
- The Micro Units Development Refinance Agency (MUDRA) Bank is a microfinance refinancing institution. of SIDBI and renamed as MUDRA (SIDBI) Bank.
- The MUDRA Bank is primarily responsible for –
- Developing policy guidelines for the micro/small enterprise financing industry, as well as registering and regulating MFI organizations.
- MFI organizations are accredited and rated.
- Establishing responsible lending policies to avoid indebtedness and to ensure proper client security principles and recovery methods.
- Creating a standardized set of covenants for last-mile lending to micro and small businesses.
- Promoting appropriate technological strategies for the final mile.
- Creating and implementing a Credit Guarantee System to provide loan guarantees to micro-enterprises.
- Creating a good architecture of Last Mile Credit Delivery to micro businesses under the scheme of Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana.
- MUDRA Bank operates through regional level financing institutions who in turn connects with last-mile lenders like Micro Finance Institutions (MFIs), Small Banks, Primary Credit Cooperative Societies, Self Help Groups (SHGs), NBFC (other than MFI) and such other lending institutions.
- In lending, MUDRA gives priority to enterprises set up by the under-privileged sections of the society particularly those from the scheduled caste/tribe (SC/ST) groups, first-generation entrepreneurs and existing small businesses.
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https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/money-and-banking/mudra-loans-log-a-record-30-growth-in-h1-fy23/article65966480.ece