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Highly contagious Ranikhet disease (NDV) hits Panchkula, Haryana.

About Ranikhet disease

Ranikhet disease, also known as Newcastle disease, is a highly contagious viral infection that primarily affects birds, especially poultry like chickens, turkeys, and ducks.

It is caused by the Newcastle disease virus (NDV), which attacks the respiratory, nervous, and digestive systems of birds.

The disease is a major concern for poultry farms because it spreads rapidly and has a high mortality rate, often reaching 100% in severe cases.

It is a minor zoonotic disease, meaning it can infect humans. While it causes only mild conjunctivitis in humans, its ability to spread between species makes it a significant public health concern.

Symptoms in birds

• Respiratory Issues: Sneezing, gasping, and difficulty breathing.
• Nervous System Effects: Twisting of the neck, paralysis, and lack of coordination.
• Digestive Problems: Diarrhea and loss of appetite.
• General Weakness: Birds appear droopy, lethargic, and unwilling to move.

In young birds, the disease often starts with respiratory symptoms, followed by rapid deaths within the flock. In older birds, the disease may cause a sudden drop in egg production and fertility issues.

Ranikhet disease spreads through:

• Direct Contact: Secretions, especially feces, from infected birds.
• Contaminated Objects: Feed, water, equipment, and clothing can carry the virus.
• Environmental Factors: The virus can survive for several weeks in cool weather, making it highly persistent.

For poultry farms, the risks are high. The disease can wipe out entire flocks within days, which can lead to massive economic losses. For example, in the recent outbreak in Panchkula, around 1.5 lakh chickens died in just one week.

Currently, there is no effective treatment for Ranikhet disease once birds are infected. However, vaccines are available to prevent the disease.

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Source: 

TIMES  OF INDIA