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Context

The legal dispute between the US Justice Department and the state of Texas, specifically Governor Greg Abbott, over the installation of floating barriers in the Rio Grande River.

Details

• The US Justice Department filed a lawsuit against Texas and Governor Greg Abbott for installing floating barriers in the Rio Grande River to prevent migrants from crossing into the United States.
• The tensions between the Biden administration and Abbott over immigration measures have escalated in recent months.

The Rio Grande Barricade

• The Rio Grande is a 3,051-km-long river serving as the US-Mexican border through most of Texas, and it is a common route for migrants trying to enter the United States.
• In June, Governor Abbott announced his plan to build a barricade near Eagle Pass, Texas, consisting of a line of bright orange, wrecking ball-sized buoys to deter migrants.

Justice Department's Opposition

• The Justice Department alleges that Texas violated federal law by constructing structures in the Rio Grande without authorization, obstructing US waters.
• US attorney Jaime Esparza threatened to sue Abbott if the barricade was not removed, stating it illegally obstructs navigation on the river.
• The presence of the barricade led to diplomatic protests from Mexico and raised concerns about navigation, safety, and humanitarian issues.

Response from Abbott

• Despite the lawsuit and warnings, Governor Abbott remained defiant, defending his right to secure state borders against migration.
• Abbott accused President Biden of failing to enforce immigration laws and blamed him for a "record-breaking level of illegal immigration."

Immigration Policy of Texas in Limelight

• The lawsuit is part of an ongoing conflict between the Biden administration and Abbott over migrant entry into the US.
• Abbott's Operation Lone Star, launched in 2021, aimed to secure the Texas-Mexico border through measures such as fortified riverbanks, denying water to migrants, and not alerting federal Border Patrol agents.
• These actions have drawn public scrutiny, with the Biden administration criticizing their necessity, citing a significant drop in border crossings due to new asylum rules.

About Rio Granade

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• The Rio Grande is a major river in North America, originating in the San Juan Mountains of Colorado, USA, and flowing into the Gulf of Mexico.
• Also known as Rio Bravo in Mexico, it forms a natural border between the United States and Mexico for a significant portion of its course, including most of Texas.

Geographic Extent and Length

• The Rio Grande stretches approximately 3,051 kilometers (1,896 miles) from its headwaters in Colorado to its mouth at the Gulf of Mexico.
• It passes through several US states, including Colorado, New Mexico, Texas, and the Mexican states of Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas, and others.

Role as US-Mexico Border

• The Rio Grande serves as the effective natural border between the United States and Mexico for a considerable part of its length, notably in Texas.
• It plays a crucial role in defining the boundaries between the two countries and has been a focal point of immigration and border control discussions.

Migration and Border Crossing

• The river has been a key route for migrants attempting to enter the United States from Mexico.

Hundreds of migrants attempt to cross the river every day in a bid to reach American soil.

Texas Governor Greg Abbott's Barricade Plan

• To curb the influx of migrants crossing the river, Texas Governor Greg Abbott announced a plan to build a barricade in the Rio Grande.
• The barricade consists of a line of bright orange, wrecking ball-sized buoys, aimed at deterring migrants from using the river as an entry point.

Legal Dispute with the US Justice Department

• The US Justice Department filed a lawsuit against the state of Texas and Governor Greg Abbott in federal court in Austin.
• The lawsuit alleges that the barricade construction in the Rio Grande was carried out without proper authorization, obstructing US waters.

Justice Department's Concerns

• The lawsuit claims that the floating barrier poses threats to navigation and public safety in the river.
• The presence of the barricade has led to diplomatic protests by Mexico and has raised concerns about potential damage to US foreign policy.

Abbott's Defiant Stance

• Despite the lawsuit and warnings, Governor Abbott has remained adamant about securing the state's borders.
• He defended his right to take measures against migration and criticized President Biden for what he perceives as a failure to enforce immigration laws.

Background of Tensions between Biden Administration and Texas

• The legal dispute is part of an ongoing tension between the Biden administration and Texas over immigration policies.
• Governor Abbott's Operation Lone Star, a joint operation between state agencies to secure the southern border, has faced criticism from the Biden administration.

Immigration Policy and Public Scrutiny

• Abbott's measures under Operation Lone Star, such as fortified riverbanks and restrictions on water access, have come under severe public scrutiny.
• The Biden administration argues that such actions are unnecessary, as border crossings have decreased due to new asylum rules.

Humanitarian and Diplomatic Concerns

• Human rights activists have expressed concerns that the barricade may not significantly deter migrants but could make border crossings more dangerous.
• The presence of the barrier has sparked diplomatic protests by Mexico, further complicating the situation.

Ongoing Debate and Implications

• The legal battle and differing immigration policies highlight the complexities and challenges in managing the US-Mexico border.
• The outcome of the lawsuit could have implications for future border control measures and US-Mexico relations.

PRACTICE QUESTION Q)  Examine  the recent legal dispute between the US Justice Department and the state of Texas over the installation of a barricade in the Rio Grande River on immigration policies, humanitarian considerations, and US-Mexico relations. (250 words)

https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-global/biden-administration-sues-texas-floating-mexico-border-barrier-8859683/