Saryu River

Source: Wikipedia

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Context: An artificial lake formed in the Saryu River remains a “significant threat” as efforts to drain it have failed for the second consecutive day.

Details

Sarayu  River

• The Sarayu originates from Lake Mansarovar in the Himalayas and is also known as the Ghaghra and the Manas Nandini.
• The Sarayu is the largest tributaryof the Sharda River.
• The length of the river is350 km.
• Saryu is a major river draining the Central Kumaon region in the Indian state of Uttarakhand. 
• It merges into the Sharada River at Pancheshwar at the India-Nepal border.
• The Saryu rivertributaries on the Right side are Gomti, pannar  Lohar Left side Ramganga and Punger.
• Sarayu flows through the cities ofKapkot, Bageshwar and Seraghat in the state of Uttarakhand. 
• The famous city ofAyodhya in Uttar Pradesh is situated on the bank of the Sarayu river.
• The Sarayu River, revered in Hindu scriptures, is the lifeline of Ayodhya, offering a serene backdrop for spiritual rituals and contemplation. 
• Bhuni, Sup, and Khatiare some of the famous ghats on this river's bank
• Temperate and sub-Tropical forestscover the entire catchment area of the Sarayu River.

Sharda River:

The Sharda River also called the Kali river and Mahakali River originates at Kalapani in the Himalayas.

It originates from an elevation of 3,600 m (11,800 ft) in the Pithoragarh district in Uttarakhand.

 It joins the Ghaghra River which is a tributary of the Ganga.

It takes the name Kali River from the union of the two streams at Gunji as it flows through the hills.

After crossing Brahmadev Mandi near Tanakpur, it enters the Terai plains, where it is called the Sharda River.

Threat to the River

• Sarayu, the lifeline of lakhs of people in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh. The nearly 1.5 kilomere-wide river has narrowed down to 30-40 metres owing to pollution and construction of the Pancheshwar dam upstream in Nepal.
• The river gets polluted while passing through the twin cities of Ayodhya and Faizabad due to the wastes discharged from different small-scale industries like rice mills, petroleum workshops, railway workshops, dairies, laundries and cereal markets.
• Sewage, hazardous wastes from hospitals and pathological labs are also discharged into the river. These municipal wastes are mostly responsible for the deterioration of water quality in the river.
• The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) report of 2016 shows that the river has faecal colliform in the range of 3,900 to 5,100 Most Probable Number or mpn/100ml, which is higher than the standard quantity of 2500 mpn/100 ml.

Sources:

TimesofIndia,WikiPedia