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Context

• Members of the Satnami religious sect express outrage over the desecration of the Jaitkham shrine.
• The shrine, located near Giraud village in Baloda Bazar district, holds significant religious importance as the birthplace of Guru Ghasidas.

Who are the Satnamis?

• Predominantly Scheduled Caste community residing in Chhattisgarh and adjacent areas of Madhya Pradesh.
• Rooted in the teachings of Guru Ghasidas, who advocated the worship of a formless Absolute, rejecting idolatry and caste hierarchies.

Historical Context:

• Early Origins: Originating in Narnaul, Haryana, in the 17th century under the influence of Kabir's teachings.
• Revolt Against Aurangzeb: In 1672, Satnamis rebelled against Aurangzeb's tax impositions, facing severe reprisals but exhibiting resilience.
• Revival Under Ghasidas: A resurgence in the 18th century, particularly in present-day Chhattisgarh, under the leadership of Guru Ghasidas.

The Satnampanth:

Origin and Foundation:

• Founding Figures: Bir Bhan, believed to have been influenced by Saint Ravidas, established the sect in Narnaul district.
• Spiritual Fame: Jagjivan Das, the second most significant figure, gained recognition, even meeting Emperor Akbar.

Historical Significance:

• Establishment Date: April 21, 1657, marks the official foundation of the Satnampanth.
• Namesake: The sect derives its name from its deity, Satnam.

Satnami Revolt 1672:

• Context: Occurred during Aurangzeb's reign, fueled by resentment against his Islamic policies.
• Trigger: A Mughal soldier's killing of a Satnami ignited widespread revolt, challenging Mughal authority.
• Impact: Despite lacking resources, the Satnamis fiercely resisted Mughal forces, symbolizing defiance against religious persecution.

Revival and Legacy:

• First Revival: Notable resurgence in 1714 with the emergence of the Satnami Sadh community in Uttar Pradesh.
• Second Revival: Led by Jagjivan Das, followed by Ghasidas, who founded the Chhattisgarh-based Satnami sect in the 1780s.

Contemporary Influence:

• Religious Doctrine: Ghasidas' teachings, preserved in the Nirvan Gyan scripture, continue to shape the beliefs of the Satnami community.

Modern Dynamics:

• Religious Philosophy: Guru Ghasidas emphasized monotheistic worship, dietary restrictions, and social equality among followers.
• Socio-political Influence: Satnamis wield significant political clout, particularly in Chhattisgarh, shaping electoral outcomes.

Current Incident:

• Angered by perceived inaction regarding shrine desecration, Satnami members resort to violent protests, targeting government offices.
• The incident underscores lingering tensions and the sect's assertive stance on religious matters.
• The Baloda Bazar incident highlights the intersection of religious sentiments and socio-political dynamics, warranting attention to prevent further escalations.

Guru Ghasidas: Pioneer of Satnam Dharma

Early Life and Influence:

• Birth: Born on 18 December 1756, Guru Ghasidas emerged as a prominent Satnami Saint and Scholar in early 19th century Chhattisgarh.
• Preaching: Ghasidas initiated his teachings in the dense forests of Chhattisgarh, focusing on spreading Satnam, particularly tailored for the region's populace.

Establishment of Satnami Community:

• Vision: Guru Ghasidas envisioned a society based on the principles of "Satnam" (Truth) and egalitarianism.
• Symbolism: He introduced the Jai Stambh, a symbolic representation of truth, depicted as a white-painted log of wood with a white flag atop, symbolizing steadfastness and peace.

Social Reformer:

• Response to Caste Injustice: Guru Ghasidas confronted the prevalent caste system's injustices, advocating for social equality and rejecting caste-based discrimination.
• Travels and Insights: To address societal challenges, Ghasidas undertook extensive travels across Chhattisgarh, gaining insights into the region's social dynamics.

Legacy and Succession:

• Community Establishment: Ghasidas laid the foundation for the Satnami community in Chhattisgarh, fostering a culture of truth and equality.
• Continuation of Teachings: Following Guru Ghasidas' legacy, his son, Guru Balakdas, carried forward his teachings and principles.

PRACTICE QUESTION Q.    Who introduced the symbolic representation of "Jai Stambh," depicted as a white-painted log of wood with a white flag atop, symbolizing steadfastness and peace? a) Guru Nanak b) Guru Ghasidas c) Guru Tegh Bahadur d) Guru Arjan Dev Correct Answer: b) Guru Ghasidas

 

SOURCE: INDIAN EXPRESS