Context: Scientists have found that aerosols like black carbon and dust, which makes the Indo-Gangetic Plain one of the most polluted regions of the world, have led to increased incidents of high rainfall events in the foothills of the Himalayan Region.

Indo-Gangetic Plain

• The Indo-Gangetic Plainis located South and upwind of the Himalayan foothills.
• The region is associated with high aerosol loading, much of which is black carbon and dust, and thus provides an opportunity for studying how aerosol affects extreme rainfall events, particularly when air mass is forced from a low elevation to a higher elevation as it moves over rising terrain technically called orographic forcing.

Key findings:

• Particulate emissions can alter the physical and dynamical properties of cloud systems and, in turn, amplify rainfall events over orographic regions downwind of highly polluted urban areas.
• The study findings also highlight the crucial role of the radiative effect of aerosol on high precipitation events over the Himalayan region.
• The results of the study indicate that aerosols can play a vital role in exciting high precipitation (HP) events over the Himalayas during the monsoon season.
• Thus, aerosols, including chemistry, are essential to consider when forecasting HP events over the Himalayan region in regional odeling studies.

https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1679743

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