Polity

The roads to India’s re-democratisation, the challenges

Source: The Hindu

Context

• The 18th Indian general election signals a potential end to a cycle of de-democratisation, with the ruling party's loss of majority marking a tilt towards re-democratisation, despite the party remaining dominant.

Details

Key Points

• Political Dynamics and Power Balance:
  • The ruling party's loss of majority, though still the dominant force, necessitates coalition politics.
  • The requirement for coalition building weakens the central leadership's unilateral decision-making power.
  • This shift could lead to a resurgence in the strength and autonomy of democratic institutions and federalism.
• Impact on Democracy:
  • The past decade saw a concentration of political and economic power, diminishing the roles of Parliament and federal structures.
  • The election results may catalyse a process of re-democratisation, restoring and strengthening democratic institutions.
• Identity Politics vs. Social Issues:
  • The tenure was marked by identity politics and communal polarization.
  • The electoral outcome indicates a potential shift towards prioritizing social equality and justice over ethno-religious identity politics.
• Role of Opposition and Civil Society:
  • The opposition coalition emphasizes constitutional values and social justice.
  • Civil society is expected to play a significant role in rejuvenating democracy and countering vigilante groups.
• Challenges and Scenarios Ahead:
  • Coalition dynamics involving regional parties could significantly influence government policies.
  • Internal challenges within the ruling party and potential shifts in leadership are anticipated.
  • The timeline for democratic institutions to recover from past erosions will be crucial for long-term stability.
• Federalism and State Politics:
  • There will likely be an increased recognition of state leadership and autonomy within the coalition framework.
  • Upcoming state elections, such as in Maharashtra and Haryana, will be critical for further political developments.

Sources:

The Hindu

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