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Context:

• France announced that it would withdraw its troops from Mali.

Mali:

• Location: Mali is a landlocked country in West Africa. Mali lies in the torrid zone.
• Borders: It borders Algeria to the north-northeast, Niger to the east, Burkina Faso to the south-east, Ivory Coast to the south, Guinea to the south-west, and Senegal to the west and Mauritania to the north-west.
• Physical Features: Most of the country lies in the southern Sahara Desert, which produces an extremely hot, dust-laden Sudanian savanna zone.
• Rivers: Niger and Senegal rivers pass through it.
• Climate: The vast northern desert part of Mali has a hot desert climate (Köppen climate classification BWh) with long, extremely hot summers and scarce rainfall which decreases northwards.
• Ecoregions: Five terrestrial ecoregions lie within Mali's borders: Sahelian Acacia savanna, West Sudanian savanna, Inner Niger Delta flooded savanna, South Saharan steppe and woodlands, and West Saharan montane xeric woodlands.

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