Murder hornets (Vespa mandarinia) are the largest hornets in the world, native to Asia but invasive in North America. They pose a significant threat to bees and agriculture, with venomous stings capable of multiple attacks. Known for their deadly impact on honeybee colonies, they can also be harmful to humans.
The Helmeted Water Toad (Calyptocephalella gayi), a "living fossil," is one of the largest frogs in the world, native to central Chile. Known for its broad head, aggressive behavior, and evolutionary resilience, it faces threats from climate change and habitat destruction. It is listed as vulnerable by the IUCN.
A Protected Area Permit (PAP) is a special permit required by foreign nationals to visit certain sensitive areas in India near international borders. Reintroduced in Manipur, Mizoram, and Nagaland in 2024, the PAP aims to enhance national security, regulate border movement, and protect local communities amid concerns over illegal immigration.
The Siliguri Corridor, known as the "Chicken's Neck," is a strategic link connecting Northeast India to the mainland. Bordered by Nepal, Bhutan, and Bangladesh, it holds geopolitical, economic, and security significance. Securing and developing the corridor is crucial for national unity, defense, trade, tourism, and regional connectivity with neighboring countries.
The Crimes Against Humanity (CAH) Treaty, approved by the UN General Assembly, aims to prevent and punish severe crimes such as murder, enslavement, and rape. Unlike the Genocide Convention or Geneva Conventions, it fills the accountability gap for CAH by imposing obligations on states to prevent, prosecute, and allow cases to be brought to international courts, addressing the limitations of the current legal framework.